• 


BANCROFT 
LIBRARY 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 


UBRARY 

ODD    FELLOWS    HOME. 
SARATOGA 


I 


PICTORIAL  REFLEX 


OF  SALT  LAKE  CITY 
AND  VICINITY 

With  condensed  epitome  of 
Utah's  People,  Resources, 
Climate  and  other  infor- 
mation useful  to  visitors 
and  residents. 


PUBLISHED  AND  COPYRIGHTED 
BY  C.  E.  SAVAGE,  AKT  BAZAB, 
SALT  LAKE  CITY.  THIRTEENTH 
EDITION,  ENLARGED,  IMPROVED 
NINETEEN  HUNDRED  AXD  ONE 


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<=>  3 
°l  O   I 


ENGRAVED    AND    PRINTED   BY 

THE    WILLIAMSON-HAFFNER    ENGRAVING    CO. 

DENVER,  COLO. 


foo  V- 

BANCROFT 
LIBRARY 


INTRODUCTORY. 

Utah,  now  the  "  Bee  Hive"  state  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  region,  has  always 
commanded  an  unusual  share  of  public  attention,  formerly  from  the  fact  that  her 
people  were  regarded  as  horned  curiosities,  and  more  recently  on  account  of.  her 
scenic  attractions,  climate,  and  inexhaustible  resources. 

The  Reflex  aims  to  truthfully  portray,  by  original  photographs  and  accurate 
descriptions  from  strictly  reliable  sources,  some  of  the  most  attractive  features  of 
interest  to  the  general  public,  and  as  such  is  respectfully  submitted  by 

THE  PUBLISHER. 


TO     OUR     PATRONS. 

This  edition,  like  all  its  predecessors,  is  in  keeping  not  only  with  the  progress  of 
Salt  Lake  City  and  the  State,  but  pictorially  it  is  up  to  the  latest  developements  of 
art.  Many  additional  illustrations  are  given,  the  subject  matter  has  been  revised 
and  brought  to  date,  and  the  typographical  finish  is  worthy  of  the  whole  as  a  reliable 
"Reflex"  of  this  lovely  City  and  enterprising  Utah. 

The  Reflex  is  indeed  a  silent  missionary  of  truth  and  right ;  in  past  editions  it 
has  found  its  way  through  tourists  and  representative  citizens  into  "every  nation 
under  the  sun,"  for  it  has  been  and  is  the  harbinger  of  peace  and  good  will  to  all 
men,  representing  as  it  does,  without  hypocricy  or  deceit,  the  proud  record  of  a 
cnce-smitten  people  as  manifested  in  and  by  their  works. 

To   a    discriminating   and    intelligent   people    this   new    edition    is    respectfully 

submitted,  by  its  Publisher, 

C.  R.  SAVAGE. 


SALT  LAKE  CITY,  FROM  TH3  NORTH-EAST. 


THE  WASATCH   RANGE,   FROM    ANDERSON'S  TOWER. 


THE  TEMPLE,  FROM   THE  SOUTH-EAST. 


THE  TABERNACLE,   FROM   THE  SOUTH. 


INTERIOR  OF   THE   TABERNACLE,    FROM    EAST   END. 


CITY    AND  COUNTY   BUILDING. 


G 


HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  PRESIDENT. 
BEEHIVE  HOUSE. 


STATUE  OF  BR1GHAM  YOUNG. 


GRAVE   OF   BRIGHAM   YOUNG. 
LION  HOUSE. 


NEW   EAGLE   GATE. 
GARDO  HOUSE. 


ANGEL   MORONI,   ON   TOP  OF   TEMPLE. 
TITHING  HOUSE. 


OLD  EAGLE    GATE. 
SALT  LAKE  THEATER. 


\\1\Yk\\WYW 

\\\\  \\w 


BKKiHAM   YOUNG'S  SCHOOL   HOUSE. 
KENVON    HOTEL. 


SECTION   OF   TABERNACLE   ROOF. 


OLDEST   HOUSE   IN   THE  CITY.    ERECTED    1847. 
KNUTSFORD   HOTEL. 


STREET  SCENES   IN   SALT  LAKE  CITY. 


10 


LOOKING  SOUTH  FROM  HEADQUARTERS. 
OFFICERS'  RESIDENCES. 


BAND  STAND. 

PARADE    GROUND   AND  COMPANY  QUARTERS 
LOOKING   SOUTH    FROM    BAND  STAND. 

VIEWS  AT  FORT  DOUGLAS. 


COMPANY  QUARTERS. 
OFFICER'S  RESIDENCE. 


ALL  HALLOWS  COLLEGE  (CATHOLIC). 
ENGINEERS'  BUILDING,  STATE  UNIVERSITY  OF  UTAH. 


LATTER   DAY   SAINTS   BUSINESS   COLLEGE. 

ROWLAND   HALL   SEMINARY    (EPISCOPALIAN) 

GORDON   ACADEMY  (JOINT  PATRONAGE). 

EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS. 
12 


NORMAL  SCHOOL,    STATE   UNIVERSITY  OF   UTAH. 


LIBRARY    BUILDING.    STATE    UNIVERSITY   OF    UTAH. 


ASSEMBLY  HALL. 
ST.  MARK'S  HOSPITAL. 


SALT  PALACE. 
ALTA  CLUB. 


ST.  ANN'S  ORPHANAGE. 
ST.  MARY'S  HOSPITAL. 


13 


WAbATCH    MOUNTAINS.    FROM    LIBERTY   PARK. 
PICNIC   PARTY    IN    LIBERTY   PARK. 


PHARAOH'S  GLEN.  PARLEY'S  CANON. 
SCENE  AT  THE  LAGOON. 

PLEASURE   RESORTS    NEAR  BY. 
14 


BLACK  BASS  FISHING.  LAGOON 
CALDER'S  PARK. 


CULMER   BLOCK. 
BOARU  OF  TRADE. 
TEMPLETON  BLOCK. 


CULLEN   HOTEL. 
COMMERCIAL  BLOCK. 


DOOI.Y  BLOCK. 

HOOPER  BLOCK. 

MCCORMICK  BLOCK. 


15 


BATHING  AT  SALT  AIR. 
INTERIOR   DANCING    PAVILION. 


SALT  AIR. 

SALT   AIR   BEACH    AND   PAVILION. 
76 


SOUTH-EAST  FRONT. 
NORTH-WEST  FRONT. 


BRIGHAM    YOUNG. 
W1LFORU   WOODRUFF. 


JOSEPH    SMITH. 

PRESIDENTS  OF  THE   MORMON   CHURCH. 

17 


JOHN   TAYLOR. 
LORENZO  SNOW. 


amntfoxas 


JOHN   R.   WINDER. 
BORN    DECEMBER   21.    i 


JOSEPH   F.   SMITH. 
BORN   NOVEMBER   13,    1838. 


AXTHON   H.   LUND. 
BORN   MAY    15,    1844 


FIRST    PRESIDENCY   OF  THE  CHURCH   OF  JESUS  CHRIST  OF   LATTER   DAY  SAINTS,  OCTOSZR, 

18 


FIRST   BAPTIST. 

FIRST  PRESBYTERIAN. 

FIRST  CONGREGATIONAL. 


ST.  MARK'S  CATHEDRAL  (EPISCOPAL). 

CHRISTIAN  SCIENCE. 
ST.  PAUL'S  (EPISCOPAL). 

DENOMINATIONAL  CHURCHES  OF  SALT  LAKE  CITY 
19 


SWEDISH  LUTHERAN. 
JEWISH  SYNAGOGUE. 
FIRST  METHODIST. 


FRANLIN. 
EMERSON. 
JACKSON. 


RIVERSIDE.  WASHINGTON. 

LINCOLN.  ELEVENTH   DISTRICT. 

HAMILTON.  OQUIRRH. 

PUBLIC  OR   DISTRICT  SCHOOLS. 
20 


LOWELL. 

FOURTEENTH   DISTRICT. 
WASATCH. 


TYPES  OF  INDIANS. 


21 


BIRDS-EVE   VIEW   OF  SALT   LAKE  CITY    AND  SURROUNDINGS. 


22 


DESCRIPTION  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS 

In  this  Pictorial  Reflex  of  Salt  Lake  City  and  Vicinity 


(Page  i.)  VIEW  OF  THE  CITY  FROM  NORTH-EAST. 

This  startling  panoramic  scene  includes  a  large  share  of 
the  City,  particularly  its  central  part,  the  Temple  and  other 
buildings  standing  out  in  prominence,  while  the  western 
boundaries  seem  to  touch  the  beautiful  Oquirrh  range  of 
mountains;  and  in  the  northwestern  distance,  the  far-famed 
Salt  Lake  with  its  lovely  islands  and  the  far  off  horizon, 
make  a  picture  as  unique  as  it  is  beautiful,  and  as  inspiring 
as  its  realities  are  found  to  be  by  experienced  tourists  from 
afar. 

(Page  2.)    THE  WASATCH   RANGE,   FROM   ANDER- 
SON'S TOWER. 

The  sky  outlines  of  this  range  are  as  potent  in  attraction 
as  are  the  slopes  thereof;  the  peaks  are  nearly  twelve 
thousand  feet  above  sea  level,  the  hoary  clefts  or  canons  are 
of  surpassing  grandeur.  And  as  the  transient  visitor  or  lover 
of  nature  (gazing  through  a  rarer  atmosphere  than  his  own) 
thinks  that  in  a  few  brief  steps  he  could  explore,  climb,  those 
glorious  steeps,  he  would  find  that  time  and  toil  alike  would 
be  the  price  and  penalty  of  curiosity  or  desire.  The  inter- 
vening land  between  the  city  and  the  base  of  the  mountains 
is  dotted  with  homes  and  cultivated  fields ;  in  fact,  there  are 
but  few  spots  unoccupied  now  in  the  eastern  half  of  the 
Valley.  The  streams  known  as  Emigration,  Parley's,  Mill, 
Big  and  Little  Cottonwood  Creeks  pour  down  their  crystal 
waters  in  great  abundance,  to  fructify  and  cover  with  herb- 
age that  once  desolate  soil  which  the  industry  of  man  has 
interlaced  with  tiny  canals,  making  a  very  net-work  of  irri- 
gation ditches  which  traverse  the  entire  surface  of  available 


land,    the    result    in    many    instances    being    wonderful    both 
as  to  the  quantity  and  quality  of  crops  and  fruits  produced. 

Fort  Douglas  and  the  State  Penitentiary  are  both  within 
the  range  of  sight  on  this  Eastern  slope. 

(Page  3.)  TEMPLE,  FROM  THE  TEMPLETON  BUILD- 
ING. 

The  Salt  Lake  Temple  is  by  far  the  most  expensive  and 
pretentious  building  ever  erected  by  the  "Mormons."  Its 
completion  involved  forty  years  of  labor  and  sacrifice.  The 
corner  stones  of  the  building  were  laid  by  Brigham  Young, 
April  6,  1853.  The  edifice  stands  upon  what  is  known  as  the 
east  side  of  the  Temple  Block,  upon  the  identical  spot  desig- 
nated by  President  Young  on  the  day  that  the  Pioneers  ar- 
rived in  the  Valley  of  the  Great  Salt  Lake,  July  24,  1847. 

The  Temple  was  dedicated  April  6,  1893,  by  President 
Woodruff.  Services  were  continued  for  over  three  weeks 
in  order  that  some  75,000  persons  from  all  parts  of  Utah, 
Idaho,  Canada,  Mexico,  Arizona,  Colorado,  and  the  "islands 
of  the  seas"  might  attend  the  ceremonial.  By  the  courtesy 
of  President  Woodruff,  the  general  public  was  admitted  to 
view  the  interior  the  day  preceding  the  dedicatory  services. 

The  building  itself  is  186  feet  long  by  99  feet  in  width. 
The  foundation  is  10  feet  thick,  and  the  same  below  the  sur- 
face, but  the  walls  were  drawn  in  from  story  to  story  until 
they  only  measured  5  ffiet  at  tne  square,  100  feet  above  the 
basement. 

All  the  outer  walls  and  towers  are  of  granite,  quarried 
some  twenty  miles  from  the  city.  Most  of  this  material  came 
in  later  years  by  rail,  but  at  first  ox-teams  afforded  the 
only  method  of  transportation,  involving  enormous  cost. 


26 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX     OF    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


Its  architecture  is  symbolic  throughout,  and  consequently 
unique.  Three  towers  adorn  each  end,  the  center-  ones  being 
the  highest,  and  the  eastern  three  being  higher  than 
the  western.  The  east  center  one,  220  feet  high,  is  sur- 
mounted by  the  majestic  figure  of  the  Angel  "Moroni,"  iil/2 
feet  in  height,  made  of  hammered  copper,  gilded. 

Some  of  the  rooms  are  of  astonishing  grandeur  and 
beauty,  others  less  ornate  are  yet  characteristically  chaste 
and  attractive.  Hot  water  is  used  for  heating,  and  electric 
lights  for  illumination  both  inside  and  out.  Sanitary  appli- 
ances are  perfect,  and  two  elevators  are  ready  for  use  as  cir- 
cumstances may  require. 

Varied  estimates  have  been  made  as  to  the  cost  of  this 
grand  edifice.  Probably  from  three  to  four  million 
dollars  were  expended  upon  it.  Much  of  this  was,  however, 
as  is  known,  in  kind,  and  part  in  labor,  although  prior  to 
its  completion  considerable  cash  was  donated  for  its  interior 
appointments.  The  whole  was  essentially  voluntary,  and  the 
building  being  erected  more  for  ordinances  than  for  general 
worship,  it  will,  of  course,  be  understood  that  none  but  mem- 
bers of  the  Church  in  good  standing  are  permitted  to  enter  it. 

The  surrounding  grounds  (10  acres),  artistically  orna- 
mented with  lawns,  flowers,  shrubs,  and  trees,  are  open  daily. 
In  the  same  inclosure  is  the  famous  Tabernacle  with  its  mag- 
nificent organ,  and  the  Assembly  Hall  used  for  the  meetings 
of  the  Stake  authorities  and  their  auxiliary  Quorums  of  the 
acting  Priesthood. 

(Page  4.)   EXTERIOR  OF  THE  TABERNACLE  FROM 
THE   SOUTH. 

The  genius  of  this  wonderful  people  for  great  gatherings, 
such  as  their  annual  and  semi-annual  Conferences,  and  the 
habit  of  bringing  together  for  Sabbath  services,  members  of 
the  faith  from  the  twenty-five  (originally  20)  wards  of  Salt 
Lake  City,  doubtless  led  to  the  conception  and  erection  of 
this  vast  auditorium  (150x250  and  80  feet  high),  it  being  at 
the  time  the  largest  house  for  religious  worship  in  the  world, 
where  hearing  is  an  indispensable. 

The  first  stone  of  this  building  was  laid  April  5th,  1865, 
and  it  was  completed  and  dedicated  October  6th,  1867.  Some 
monster  concerts  have  been  given  within  its  walls:  Patti, 
Juch,  and  other  noted  singers  have  sung  there,  while  the 
greatest  of  musical  conductors,  such  as  the  late  far-famed 
P.  S.  Gilmore,  Theo.  Thomas,  and  John  Philip  Sousa  have 


led    therein    their    associates    to    increased    appreciation    and 
renown.    The  cost  of  the  building  was  about  $300,000. 

(Page  5.)    INTERIOR  OF  THE  TABERNACLE  FROM 
EAST  END. 

This  view  of  the  huge  interior  is  taken  from  the  east  end 
of  the  surrounding  gallery,  and  gives  a  good  idea  as  to  its 
use  and  convenience  for  large  congregations.  For  many 
years  the  semi-annual  Conferences  assembled  in  a  huge  bow- 
ery erected  on  the  same  block,  but  this  not  being  suitable 
for  wet  weather,  President  Brigham  Young  determined  on 
an  effort  to  accommodate  the  immense  number  who  are  con- 
vened on  such  occasions.  It  is  almost  needless  to  say  that 
this  building  was  only  ample  for  a  little  while,  though  its 
seating  capacity  is  about  7,000  (yet  a  greater  number  has 
been  packed  into  it)  and  now  overflow  meetings  are  indis- 
pensable en  special  occasions. 

The  construction  of  this  building  is  unique,  in  that  it 
is  without  a  pillar  support.  The  latticed  truss  work  of  the  roof 
is  ten  feet  from  ceiling  to  shingles,  and  its  mammoth  arches 
rest  upon  forty- four  stone  piers,  giving  the  semi-oval  appear- 
ance which  it  presents.  Between  the  sand-stone  piers,  there 
are  twenty  double  doors,  each  nine  feet  wide,  and  all  open- 
ing outward.  With  these  and  the  capacious  stairways  from 
the  gallery,  it  is  said  that  the  largest  congregation  can  find 
egress  in  less  than  five  minutes. 

The  facilities  for  ventilation  come  from  two  large  win- 
dows in  the  roof,  and  from  glazed  sash  between  the  piers  and 
above  the  dops,  which  insure  both  light  and  circulation.  For 
evening  services,  concerts,  and  entertainments,  electricity  is 
used  for  lighting,  and  in  cold  weather  its  great  spaces  are 
made  warm  and  comfortable  by  steam. 

The  Great  Organ  is  a  remarkable  feature  of  this  world- 
famed  building.  Its  dimensions  are  30x33  feet  and  it  is 
48  feet  high.  Its  bellows  are  inflated  by  air  from  four  large 
water  motors,  and  its  compass  comprises  67  stops  and  2648 
pipes.  The  seats  as  seen  in  proximity  thereto  accommodate 
an  unpaid  choir  of  400,  but  for  great  choruses  this  is  fre- 
quently enlarged  to  600. 

The  choir  is  under  the  direction  of  Prof.  Evan  Stephens, 
whose  ability  as  a  leader  has  been  tested  musically  in  all  di- 
rections, while  his  labor  and  studious  efforts  have  for  many 
years  been  unremittingly  seconded  by  the  equally  accom- 
plished late  organist,  Prof.  Joseph  J.  Daynes.  This  grand 


IJ ICTO  RIAL    REFLEX     OP    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


27 


body  of  singers  had  the  distinguished  honor  of  securing 
second  prize  in  the  Grand  International  Chorus  Contest  at 
the  Columbian  World's  Exhibition,  for  which  they  had  less 
than  three  months'  notice. 

The  main  work  for  this  combination  is  for  the  Sabbath 
services,  where  the  singing  is  congregational,  or  solely  by  the 
Choir  as  may  seem  desirable.  It  may  be  noted,  too,  that 
many  of  the  musical  exercises,  consisting  of  solos,  hymns, 
and  anthems,  are  original,  or  composed  by  prominent  musi- 
cians and  poets  of  the  Church.  The  instrument  itself  was 
originally  of  Utah  creation,  and  its  original  construction, 
thirty-five  years  ago,  was  superintended  by  Mr.  Joseph  Ridges, 
and  afterwards  many  valuable  improvements  were  made  by 
Messrs.  Johnson  and  Taylor.  Quite  recently  the  Kimball 
Organ  Company  of  Boston  has  enlarged  the  power,  capacity, 
and  range  of  what  was  long  recognized  a  wonderful  instru- 
ment. Now,  however,  it  is  second  to  none  in  the  instrumental 
world.  Free  recitals  are  given  Wednesdays,  and  Saturdays  at 
5 :3O  p.  m.,  when  from  one  to  two  thousand  persons 
enjoy  gratuitously  such  selections  as  display  the  marvelous 
compass  of  the  grand  instrument,  from  the  softest  tones  to 
its  surprising  vox  humana,  and  from  that  to  its  mighty  thun- 
ders in  the  grand  "Hallelujah"  chorus,  and  the  most  elaborate 
productions  of  the  grandest  musical  kings. 

The  organ  is  now  in  the  charge  of  Prof.  James  McClel- 
lan  (a  Utahan),  whose  natural  genius  has  been  cultivated  in 
the  best  musical  schools  of  the  United  States  and  Germany; 
for  the  privilege  of  listening  to  these  grand  recitals,  visiting 
thousands  are  weekly  and  freely  admitted  by  the  thoughtful 
kindness  of  President  Lorenzo  Snow,  under  whose  direction 
the  late  improvements  were  consumated,  at  a  cost  of  over 
twelve  thousand  dollars. 

At  the  general  Sabbath  services  the  four  rows  of  seats 
below  the  choir  are  occupied  by  dignitaries  and  officials  hold- 
ing different  grades  of  Priesthood  in  the  Chutch.  The  upper 
one  is  reserved  for  the  First  Presidency,  the  second  for  the 
Twelve  Apostles,  the  third  for  the  Presidency  of  the  Stake, 
his  counselors,  expected  speakers  and  others,  while  the  fourth 
and  lowest  is  reserved  for  the  lesser  or  Aaronic  Priesthood, 
and  until  recently  for  those  who  administered  the  sacrament, 
which  occurred  every  Sabbath,  occupying  about  an  hour, 
water  being  used  instead  of  wine.  The  sacrament  is  now  ad- 
ministered only  in  the  respective  Ward  Meeting  Houses  each 
Sunday  evening.  All  the  seats  in  the  Tabernacle  and  Ward 
Meeting  Houses  are  free,  no  collections  are  taken,  serv- 


ices being  every  Sunday  at  2  p.  m.  in  the  former,  and  in  the 
latter  at  6:30,  usually.  No  visitor  to  Salt  Lake  should  fail 
to  attend  one  of  those  services,  which  occupy  about  an  hour 
and  a  half,  the  only  restriction  being  that  those  who  attend 
are  expected  to  remain  until  the  close. 

(Page  6.)     CITY  AND  COUNTY  BUILDING. 

This  grand  City  and  County  Building  combined,  is  situ- 
ated on  the  ten-acre  block  once  known  as  Emigration  Square, 
between  First  and  Second  East  and  Fourth  and  Fifth  South 
streets.  It  is  a  pretentious  building  in  what  is  called  the 
Romanesque  style  of  architecture,  five  stories  in  height  and 
272x156  feet  on  the  ground.  Conspicuous  over  all  surround- 
ing buildings  is  the  central  tower,  250  feet  high,  surmounted 
by  the  figure  of  Columbia.  The  four  corner  towers,  with 
emblematical  statuary,  are  I2O  feet  in  height.  Kyune  (Utah) 
stone  and  brick  are  the  materials  used.  The  several  stories 
are  fire-proof;  the  cost  was  nearly  $900,000.  The  grounds  are 
beautifully  parked  and  lighted  by  electricity  at  night,  and  in 
the  daytime  there  is  occasionally  permission  to  look  from  the 
summit  of  the  central  tower  upon  the  loveliest  and  most  ex- 
tensive panorama  of  combined  rural,  city,  and  mountain  scen- 
ery to  be  seen  anywhere  in  the  West. 

(Page  7.)  LION  AND  BEE  HIVE  HOUSES,  THE 
HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  PRESIDENT. 
STATUE  OF  PRESIDENT  BRIGHAM 
YOUNG.  GRAVE  OF  PRESIDENT  YOUNG. 

The  Lion  House  and  the  Bee  Hive  House  are  noted  as 
having  been  the  residences  of  President  Brigham  Young  and 
his  extensive  family.  The  former  was  built  in  1853-4  a"d  tne 
latter  some  time  afterward. 

President  Young  exhibited  his  love  for  emblematic  deco- 
ration by  placing  the  lion  couchant  over  the  vestibule  of  the 
Lion  House,  which  gave  the  name  to  the  residence.  The  bee 
hive  crowning  the  near-by  pretentious  edifice,  gave  it  the  title 
of  the  "Bee  Hive  House,"  which  it  veritably  was,  for  in  and 
around  it  were  the  conveniences  for  a  pioneer  family  and 
workmen  in  great  numbers.  It  is  now  the  official  residence  of 
President  Lorenzo  Snow,  changed  and  much  improved  since 
its  first  erection. 

Between  the  two  residences  mentioned  will  be  observed 
the  once  private  offices  of  President  Young.  Here  he  used 
to  receive  visitors  and  meet  with  his  associate  officials  of  the 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE    CITY. 


Church.  They  are  similarly  used  at  the  present  time  by 
President  Snow,  his  counselors  and  the  requisite  clerical  aid. 
The  Deseret  Telegraph  had  its  original  quarters  here,  and 
through  it  communication  was  had  with  presiding  men  all 
over  the  Territory,  so  that  any  intimation  of  danger  from 
hostile  Indians  or  other  matters,  were  thus  quickly  known, 
and  aid  or  counsel  was  tendered,  as  the  case  might  suggest. 
Its  wires  are  now  used  for  general  purposes  all  over  the  State 
by  the  Western  Union  Telegraph  Company,  who  bought  it 
out. 

Passing  east  from  these  offices  and  under  the  Eagle  Gate, 
then  turning  to  the  right  at  the  first  street,  brings  the  visitor 
to  the  grave  of  President  Brigham  Young,  the  once  great 
Leader,  Pioneer,  and  Prophet  of  the  "Mormon"  people.  Thou- 
sands visit  in  appreciative  mood  this  sacred  locality,  where  all 
that  was  mortal  of  this  mighty  man,  who  has  been  likened 
unto  Moses,  waits  the  trump  of  the  resurrection. 

History  has  not  yet  done  justice  to  the  character  of 
Brigham  Young,  or  to  his  mighty  work.  Even  his  own  peo- 
ple, to  whom  his  word  was  law,  and  by  whom  his  judgment 
was  unquestioned,  fail  somewhat  in  this  respect.  They  know 
full  well  that  he  led  a  persecuted  people  from  aggressive  Illi- 
nois into  the  wilderness,  where  there  was  quietude  and  peace; 
that  he  gave  uncounted  suggestions  and  set  an  example  by 
inaugurating  all  the  improvements  during  the  early  years  of 
colonization ;  that  to  his  foresight  and  genius  Salt  Lake  City 
owes  its  grandeur  and  beauty ;  that  his  imprint  was  but  the 
foreshadowing  of  its  destiny  as  the  great  metropolis  of  this 
entire  inter-mountain  region ;  that  villages,  towns,  cities, 
school-houses,  churches,  and  temples  sprang  up  at  the  bidding 
of  his  inspirational  power;  that  generations  will  continue  to 
build  upon  the  foundation  he  was  privileged  to  lay;  that  his 
genius  was  far-reaching  in  all  things  pertaining  to  the  up- 
building of  the  country;  and  that  as  the  years  roll  by  the 
value  of  his  work  increases  and  the  power  of  his  inspirational 
mentality  stands  out  in  bolder  relief. 

His  monument,  in  bronze  and  granite,  coupled  with  the 
Pioneers,  and  glorified  with  emblematic  figures,  was  designed 
by  a  Utah  artist,  Dallin,  and  erected  at  a  cost  of  $35,000.  It 
now  stands  at  the  head  of  what  is  known  as  Main  street  (in 
proximity  to  the  Great  Temple  and  the  Church  publishing 
house).  The  monument  is  but  a  slight  tribute  to  his  ac- 
knowledged character,  for  the  State  itself  is  his  monument, 
and  this  will  endure  when  bronze  and  granite  have  crumbled 
into  dust,  particularly  if  the  economic  counsels  he  gave  are 


heeded,  for  the  burthen  thereof  to  his  beloved  people  was 
continuously,  "Keep  out  of  debt ;  develop  your  own  resources ; 
sustain  home  enterprise ;  be  producers,  and  not  consumers 
only;  and  let  every  Working-man  occupy  his  own  house,  and 
keep  at  least  a  year's  supply  of  food  on  hand." 

(Page  8.)  GARDO  HOUSE,  EAGLE  GATE,  OLD  AND 
NEW,  STATUE  OF  MORONI,  AND  GEN- 
ERAL TITHING  STORE. 

THE  GARDO  HOUSE  was  erected  by  Brigham  Young, 
who  intended  to  use  it  wherein  to  receive  his  friends.  He 
died  soon  after  its  erection,  when  it  was  occupied  as  a  par- 
sonage by  his  successor,  President  John  Taylor.  Under  the 
Confiscation  Act  of  Congress  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  a  re- 
ceiver, but  was  eventually  released  and  used  as  a  residence. 
Now  it  is  private  property,  and  retained  among  our  illus- 
trations only  because  of  its  historic  associations. 

THE  EAGLE  GATE,  as  it  is  called,  is  immediately  east 
of  the  Bee  Hive  House;  it  was  originally  the  gateway  lead- 
ing into  President  Young's  private  grounds,  and  also  into 
City  Creek  Canon,  which  at  that  time  was  a  toll  road.  The 
bird  was  carved  in  wood  by  Ralph  Ramsey,  a  Northumbrian 
convert.  To  preserve  it  as  an  evidence  of  early  budding  art, 
along  with  those  already  mentioned,  it  has  been  lately  cop- 
pered. The  original  pedestals  upon  which  its  supports  stood 
have  also  been  rebuilt  in  a  more  artistic  style,  so  that  as  a 
land-mark  and  a  memory  it  may  now  remain  for  many  years 
to  come. 

The  figure  on  this  page  (8)  is  the  ideal  representation  of 
the  Angel  Moroni — of  Book  of  Mormon  history — which 
crowns  the  summit  of  the  central  eastern  tower  of  the  Salt 
Lake  Temple.  The  figure  itself  is  13^2  feet  in  height,  made 
of  copper  and  richly  gilded.  The  trumpet  in  its  hand  typifies 
the  proclamation  of  the  Gospel  predicted  in  the  I4th  Rev., 
6th  verse. 

GENERAL  TITHING  STORE.  This  is  the  repository 
for  the  reception  and  distribution  of  the  tithes  of  Church 
members,  in  kind  or  otherwise,  which  constitutes  the  revenue 
and  treasury  of  the  Church,  it  having  been  always  under- 
stood that  this  payment  was  a  tenet  of  the  Church,  the  evi- 
dence of  abiding  faith,  and  the  key  to  many  blessings  which 
all  good  Saints  desire  to  reach.  Its  distribution  is  to  work- 
men and  employees  upon  Temples  or  other  edifices  for  the 
Church,  the  poor  and  needy  of  its  members,  and  in  years  gone 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE    CITY. 


29 


by  for  the  Indians  whose  hunting  grounds  were  being  occu- 
pied by  a  growing  community. 

(Page  9.)  KENYON  AND  KNUTSFORD  HOTELS. 
PRESIDENT  YOUNG'S  SCHOOL-HOUSE. 
OLDEST  HOUSE  IN  THE  CITY.  SECTIONS 
OF  THE  TABERNACLE  ROOF. 

The  two  leading  hotels  of  Salt  Lake  City  are  the  Knuts- 
ford  and  the  Kenyon.  The  first  is  located  on  the  corner  of 
First  East  and  Third  South  streets ;  it  has  300  rooms,  and  is 
elegantly  appointed  throughout.  Prices  from  $3  to  $5  per 
day.  G.  S.  Holmes,  Manager. 

The  Kenyon  is  found  at  the  south-east  corner  of  Second 
South  and  Main  streets,  almost  in  the  heart  of  the  city.  It 
is  newly  fitted  out  with  all  modern  appliances  for  comfort; 
has  81  bath  suites  at  $4.00  per  day ;  100  rooms  at  $3.00  per 
day;  and  100  at  $2.50  per  day.  D.  S.  Porter,  Manager.  Both 
are  palatial  outwardly;  internally  they  have  all  modren  appli- 
ances for  use  and  comfort. 

The  Cullen,  Walker,  Manitou,  St.  James,  and  numerous 
other  family  hotels  are  located  near  the  central  part  of  the 
business  section  of  the  city,  and  restaurants  to  suit  every 
purse  abound ;  prices  as  low  and  services  as  good  as  any- 
where in  the  United  States. 

Immediately  north-east  of  the  Eagle  Gate  is  THE  OLD 
SCHOOL  HOUSE,  where  the  children  of  President  Young 
were  educated.  The  third  house  east,  called  "The  White 
House,"  was  among  the  first  erected  after  the  Old  Fort  was 
abandoned.  It  was  occupied  for  many  years  by  the  first  wife 
and  family  of  President  Young. 

THE  OLDEST  HOUSE.  The  unique  relic  here  illus- 
trated dates  away  back  to  Pioneer  days.  It  was  one  of  the 
first  buildings  erected  in  the  "Old  Fort,"  and  it  is  to-day  the 
only  remaining  one  of  that  historic  time.  .The  susceptible 
observer  holds  in  reverence  this  rare  old  house,  mayhap,  in- 
dulges a  hope  that  from  its  present  location  in  the  rear  of 
Zebulon  Jacob's  residence,  corner  of  First  North  and  West 
Temple,  it  may  yet  be  transferred  and  preserved  with  sacred 
and  jealous  care,  say  in  a  treasure  house  with  other  me- 
mentos, if  such  there  are,  of  "the  times  which  tried  men's 
souls." 

The  section  of  the  TABERNACLE  ROOF  is  introduced 
as  an  illustration  to  show  the  method  of  its  construction.  It 
is  known  as  the  "Howe  truss"  principle,  being  susceptible  of 


sustaining  an   extraordinary   strain   and   weight   at   the  same 
time.     Solidity  and  strength  are  its  great  characteristics. 

(Page  10.)     STREET  SCENES  IN  SALT  LAKE  CITY. 

These  several  views  give  a  good  idea  of  the  boulevard 
character  of  the  streets  of  Salt  Lake  City.  There  is  ample 
room  for  traffic  and  transit ;  the  sidewalks  are  a  marvel  to 
the  visitor  from  other  States.  The  stream  which  course 
down  each  side  are  refreshing  and  novel  to  the  eye.  Street 
car  service  is  good ;  telegraph  and  telephone  poles  are  out  of 
the  way  in  the  event  of  fires,  and  the  old-fashioned  prejudice 
as  to  the  width  of  the  streets  is  fast  disappearing. 

(Page  n.)     FORT  DOUGLAS. 

Among  the  attractions  of  the  suburbs  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Fort  Douglas  leads,  commanding,  as  it  does,  a  view  of  the 
lake  and  the  surrounding  country.  It  is  beautifully  laid  out, 
is  a  full  regimental  post,  and  was  founded  by  General  Patrick 
Edward  Connor,  who  came  to  Utah  in  command  of  the  Cali- 
fornia Volunteers  in  1862.  The  waters  of  Red  Butte  Canon 
are  used  to  beautify  and  keep  alive  the  shrubbery  and  gar- 
dens. It  is  now  reached  by  two  car  lines,  one  passing  through 
Eagle  Gate  and  First  street  and  the  other  along  east  Second 
South.  The  dress  parades  and  band  concerts  attract  thou- 
sands of  visitors.  When  enjoying  the  luxury  of  a  carriage 
ride,  do  not  fail  to  pay  a  visit  to  this  interesting  spot.  The 
distance  from  the  center  of  Salt  Lake  City  is  about  three 
miles,  and  the  street  care  fare  only  5c  each  way.  The  eleva- 
tion is  600  feet  above  the  city. 

From  the  table  land  on  which  the  Fort  is  built  there  is  a 
grand  panoramic  view  of  the  entire  valley.  Salt  Lake  City 
in  the  immediate  foreground,  with  the  lake  shimmering 
around  its  islands  in  the  distance,  the  grand  and  hoary 
Wasatch  for  a  background,  and  in  the  west,  as  the  boundary 
of  this  lovely  valley, -is  the  Oquirrh  Mountains,  which,  seen  in 
the  western  distance,  divide  Salt  Lake  from  Tooele  valley. 
The  well  known  "Old  Reliable"  mining  camp  of  Bingham 
Canon  is  some  twenty  miles  distant,  south-west,  and  is  reached 
by  the  Rio  Grande  Western  Railway.  Gold,  silver,  and  lead 
in  immense  quantities  are  annually  produced  by  the  different 
methods.  The  broad  tract  of  land  lying  beyond  the  city  is 
being  rapidly  reclaimed  and  brought  under  cultivation  by 
means  of  canals,  which  have  their  sources  in  the  River  Jordan, 
the  outlet  of  Utah  Lake,  the  starting  point  being  the  Narrows, 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


at  the  south  end  of  Salt  Lake  valley,  about  twenty-rfive  miles 
away. 

(Page  12.)  EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTIONS.  LATTER- 
DAY  SAINTS'  UNIVRSITY.  ROWLAND 
HALL  SEMINARY  (EPISCOPALIAN).  ALL 
HALLOWS  COLLEGE  (CATHOLIC.)  GOR- 
DON ACADEMY  (JOINT  PATRONAGE). 
UTAH  UNIVERSITY  (3  BUILDINGS.) 

Higher  education  was  a  dream  of  the  Pioneers,  for  the 
last  named  institution  was  the  first  projected.  Years  were 
spent  in  anticipation  and  preparation,  since  State  aid  was  in- 
evitably meagre  from  a  people  so  lately  despoiled  and  driven. 
Now  the  dream  is  in  process  of  grand  fulfillment;  ample 
grounds,  new  buildings,  State  aid  and  land  endowments;  a 
full  corps  of  professors  and  a  crowding  host  of  students  tell 
the  story  of  progress,  and  prophesy  of  increasing  and  perma- 
nent success. 

The  State  University  embraces  all  the  title  implies,  and 
in  the  Normal  School,  kindergarten  and  training  are  included. 
Laboratory  work  and  manual  training  belong  to  and  are 
features  of  the  above,  while  every  facility  for  the  higher 
studies  are  amply  provided  and  added  to  as  the  wisdom  and 
experience  of  the  regents  determine  in  the  evolution  of  so 
grand  an  institution.  Some  sixty  acres  of  ground  surround- 
ing comprise  the  munificent  gift  of  Congress,  bestowed  at  the 
instigation  of  Utah's  representatives,  and  a  splendid  tribute 
to  the  patriotism  and  growing  importance  to  the  nation  of  the 
"Mormon"  people. 

The  Latter-Day  Saints'  University  includes  the  teaching 
of  the  peculiar  features  of  their  faith,  leing  under  the  sur- 
veillance and  patronage  of  the  Church,  and  well  supplied 
with  modern  appliances  for  the  many  branches  of  modern 
education. 

The  others  (denominational  schools)  are  all  co-workers 
in  the  great  cause  of  needed  education ;  they  are  all  doing 
good  work  and  drawing  from  a  large  radius  an  increasing 
number  of  aspiring  students. 

(Page    13.)      ST.    ANN'S    ORPHANAGE    (CATHOLIC). 

THE    SALT    PALACE.      THE    ASSEMBLY 

HALL.     ALTA    CLUB.      ST.    MARK'S    AND 

HOLY  CROSS  HOSPITALS. 

By  the  munificent  liberality  of  Senator  Kearns  and  wife, 

in  particular,  the  first  of  these  has  been  recently  built,  at  a 


cost  of  $60,000,  exclusive  of  internal  fittings  ;  and  if  philan- 
thropy, sanctified  of  religious  fervor,  can  find  its  opening 
among  the  unfortunates,  surely  this  is  destined  to  be  a  bless- 
ing to  many.  Its  several  rooms  were  furnished  by  other 
thoughtful  philanthropists  of  the  Mother  Church. 

The  Salt  Palace  is  a  speculative  creation  from  waters  of 
the  lake,  in  part.  Amusement  is  its  motto,  and  it  caters  to  a 
large  section  who  delight  in  the  specialties  which  it  provides. 

The  Assembly  Hall  is  situated  in  the  south-west  corner 
of  the  Temple  Block.  This  handsome  edifice  is  120x68  feet. 
It  was  superintended  by  Master  Workman  Henry  Grow  from 
designs  by  Mr.  Obed  Taylor.  The  central  tower.  130  feet 
from  the  ground,  sustains,  as  a  vane  the  suggestive  figure  of 
an  angel,  with  the  trumpet  of  warning.  Its  interior  is  some- 
what on  the  plan  of  the  adjoining  Tabernacle,  but  it  is  used 
mainly  for  the  Stake  Priesthood  and  as  an  overflow  meeting 
house  at  the  General  Conferences.  Some  2.400  peop1-?  can  be 
comfortably  seated  in  its  cozy  interior,  and  when  its  fine 
organ  and  100  choristers  occupy,  at  such  times,  the  west  end 
of  the  building,  it  presents  an  attractive  picture.  Its  interior 
decorations  are  chaste  and  suitable. 

St.  Mark's  Hospital  (Episcopal),  opposite  the  Warm 
Springs,  North,  is  easily  reached  by  car  lines.  It  is  a  well- 
appointed  and  superior  institution,  and  has  been  a  grand  bless- 
ing to  many  who  have  needed  the  attention  which  it  bestows, 
and  which  is  in  all  respects  first-class. 

St.  Mary's  Hospital  (Catholic),  managed  by  the  Sisters 
of  the  Holy  Cross,  is  one  of  the  most  imposing  and  the  largest 
and  best  appointed  hospital  in  Utah.  It  was  created  at  a 
cost  of  $100,000.  It  now  contains  200  cots.  Monthly  sub- 
scriptions from  miners  and  private  patients  sustain  this  good 
work,  but  its  enlargement  is  already  determined  upon.  The 
managers  of  its  internal  economy  were  originally  from  St. 
Mary's,  Indiana.  Their  devotion  is'  as  phenomenal  here  as 
elsewhere.  Visitors  can  reach  the  institution,  which  is  situated 
between  Tenth  and  Eleventh  East,  by  taking  the  First  South. 
street  electric  cars. 


(Page  14.)       PLEASURE  RESORTS  NEAR-BY. 

ERTY     PARK     (WITH     PICNICKERS     IN 
VIEW),    PARLEY'S   CANON    (PHARAOH'S 
GLEN).       fCALDER'S       PARK,     fLAGOON 
(TWO  VIEWS). 
The  three  marked   t  can  be   reached  by  street  car  and 

dummy  lines.     The  cooling  ride  is  a  fine  preparation  for  en- 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX     OF    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


joying  the  grounds,  which  are  well  laid  out,  and  the  enter- 
tainments which  are  provided  are  of  a  varied  character.  By 
day  or  night  each  may  be  visited  with  advantage,  particularly 
during  the  heated  term,  when  a  change  is  desirable. 

(Page  15.)     BUSINESS  BLOCKS— OLD  AND  NEW. 

Dooly.  The  handsome  and  substantial,  though  sombre- 
looking  structure,  known  as  the  Dooly  Block,  was,  when 
built,  quite  an  accession  to  the  architecture  of  this  city.  Facing 
the  north,  its  dark  red  stone  front  looks  cold,  but  it  makes  a 
fine  Postoffice  at  present. 

The  beautiful  McCormick  Block,  on  tne  corner  of  First 
South  and  East  Temple,  is  a  building  of  which  any  city  might 
be  proud.  It  is  built  of  dressed  Kyune  (Utah)  stone,  and 
having  a  southern  aspect,  with  splendid  elevator  privileges,  its 
multitude  of  sunny  rooms  are  all  easily  rented  at  good  prices. 

The  Commercial  Block,  one  of  the  finest  in  the  city,  cost 
$250,000;  has  elevator  and  offices  on  upper  floors,  and  the 
Commercial  National  Bank  on  the  first  floor ;  is  on  the  corner 
of  Commercial  and  Second  South  streets ;  was  built  in  1890. 

The  Culmer  Block,  on  First  South,  just  east  of  Main,  is  a 
a  very  pretentious  looking  structure,  well  occupied,  and  a 
credit  to  the  City  and  State. 

The  Chamber  of  Commerce  is  on  Second  South,  one  and 
a  half  blocks  west  of  Main  street.  It  was  built  by  the  Board 
of  Trade  Building  Company,  at  a  cost  of  $68,000,  the  ground 
having  been  previously  donated  by  adjacent  property  holders, 
was  valued  at  $25,000.  The  rooms  of  the  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce are  on  the  second  floor,  conveniently  reached  by  pas- 
senger and  freight  elevators.  The  Pioneer  or  Masonic  Library 
Association  had  its  first  quarters  here,  but  the  books,  etc., 
have  now  been  donated  to  the  city,  and  are  easily  accessible 
to  the  public  at  the  northern  end  of  the  Joint  City  and  County 
Building. 

The  Hooper  Block,  East  First  South,  along  with  the  pre- 
ceding ones,  are  given  as  specimens  of  commercial  or  busi- 
ness houses,  which  serve  to  show  the  enterprise  and  progress 
which  is  the  best  evidence  of  a  live  city  and  the  faith  of  its 
builders  as  to  its  future. 

Z.  C.  M.  I.,  the  Great  Co-operative  Store,  is  now  in  a 
transition  condition,  and  is,  therefore  excluded  from  this  addi- 
tion, along  with  many  others  now  building. 

The  Salt  Lake  Theater,  originally  built  by  President 
Young,  is  situated  on  the  corner  of  First  East  and  First  South 


streets.  Its  area  is  174x80  feet,  and  height  75  feet  from  floor 
to  ceiling.  The  stage  is  62x32  feet.  Its  general  capacity 
leaves  room  for  seating  1,800  persons.  All  the  appointments 
of  this  house  are  very  complete.  Ingress  and  egress  are  safe 
and  easy,  and,  in  fact,  it  is  considered  as  well  adapted  for 
theatrical  purposes  as  any  theater  in  the  Rocky  Mountains. 
See  page  8  for  cut  of  Salt  Lake  Theater. 

(Page  16.)     BEAUTIFUL  SALT  AIR. 

This  bathing  resort  is  but  twenty  minutes'  ride  from 
Salt  Lake  City,  via  the  Salt  Lake  and  Los  Angeles  Railway. 
From  an  architectural  standpoint,  it  has  no  peer  in  America, 
and  for  the  purposes  intended,  no  detail  has  been  omitted 
that  might  make  it  a  delightful  place  to  spend  a  few  hours, 
being  always  cool  and  pleasant  in  the  hottest  weather.  Erect- 
ed by  citizens  of  Salt  Lake  City — the  architecture  being 
Moorish — it  was  commenced  February  I,  1893,  and  completed 
June  i  the  same  year,  at  a  cost  of  $250,000.  It  was  built 
upon  2,500  ten-inch  piling  at  the  end  of  a  pier,  reaching 
4,000  feet  into  the  lake. 

The  total  length  of  the  buildings  from  east  to  west  is 
1,115  feet-  It  is  crescent  shaped  in  outline,  with  the  convex 
side  nearest  the  shore.  The  greatest  width  is  335  feet,  and 
the  height,  from  water  to  top  of  main  tower,  125  feet.  The 
lunch  pavilion  is  151x253  feet;  size  of  dancing  floor  above  it 
is  140x250  feet,  without  a  pillar  or  other  obstruction.  The 
dancing  pavilion  is  constructed  after  the  style  of  roofing 
adopted  in  the  Tabernacle  (same  size),  but  the  frame  work 
is  of  iron.  There  are  600  bath  rooms.  Bathers  can  be  accom- 
modated with  any  depth  of  water  desired.  At  night  1,250  in- 
candescent and  forty  arc  lights  give  the  place  a  fairy-like  ap- 
pearance, as  these  are  reflected  in  the  placid  waters  of  the  lake 
on  a  calm  summer  night. 

The  views  presented  are  taken  to  show  the  bathing  facili- 
ties from  the  annex,  looking  towards  the  main  central  tower — 
also  the  south  front  or  entrance  to  the  tower.  Another  shows 
the  interior  of  the  great  dancing  pavilion  and  the  fourth  the 
lake  or  north  front.  The  central  illustration  is  a  bird's-eye 
view  from  the  architect's  plans,  minus  the  annex.  No  visitor 
to  Salt  Lake  City  should  fail  to  see  this  very  interesting  and 
wonderful  creation,  standing  like  an  island  in  "the  great  dead 
sea  of  America." 

As  many  as  ten  thousand  visit  this  extraordinary  re- 
sort on  such  high  holidays  as  the  4th  of  July. 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX     OF    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


(Pages   17  and   18.)      PRESIDENTS   OF  THE   CHURCH 
OF  JESUS  CHRIST  OF  LATTER-DAY  SAINTS. 

First  is  the  immortal  founder  of  this  still  strange  though 
now  world-famed  organization,  Joseph  Smith  the  Prophet, 
who  was  born  December  23,  1805,  in  Sharon,  Windsor  County, 
Vermont.  He  experienced  his  first  vision  in  the  spring  of 
1820;  received  the  plates  and  translated  the  Book  of  Mormon 
between  September  1827  and  1829;  organized  the  Church, 
April  6,  1830;  and  after  innumerable  vicissitudes  and  persecu- 
tions was  finally,  with  his  Brother  Hyrum,  assassinated  by 
an  armed  mob,  which  attacked  Carthage  Jail,  Illinois,  June 
27,  1844,  while  they  were  under  the  guaranteed  protection 
of  the  Governor  of  the  State. 

Next  is  his  great  representative  and  successor,  Brigham 
Young,  the  astute  statesman  and  unexampled  colonizer,  who 
was  born  June  I,  1801,  in  Whittingham,  Windsor  County, 
Vermont ;  ordained  an  Apostle  February  14,  1835 ;  sustained 
as  President  of  the  Church  December  27,  1847;  and  died  in 
Salt  Lake  City,  August  29,  1877. 

His  successor  in  this  responsible  position  was  John  Tay- 
lor, who  was  born  at  Milnthorpe,  Westmoreland,  England, 
November  I,  1808;  he  came  to  the  First  Presidency  October 
10,  1880,  and  died,  after  a  very  active  life  as  propagandist  and 
legislator,  near  Salt  Lake  City. 

Wilford  Woodruff  was  born  at  Avon,  Hartford  County, 
Connecticut,  March  I,  1807,  and  was  the  successor  of  Presi- 
dent John  Taylor.  He  enjoyed  the  reputation  of  having 
traveled  farther  and  preached  more  than  any  of  his  asso- 
ciates in  the  ministry.  He  was  one  of  the  first  Pioneers  to 
look  upon  Salt  Lake  valley,  and  was  always  an  indefatigable 
worker;  his  reputation  for  honesty  and  unfailing  sincerity 
was  never  questioned.  He  died  while  on  a  visit  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, September  2,  1898.  An  immense  concourse  of  people 
attended  his  funeral  in  the  Tabernacle ;  his  death  was  uni- 
versally regretted  by  all  classes  of  the  community. 

Lorenzo  Snow  succeeded  President  Woodruff.  He  was 
born  April  3,  1814,  at  Mantua,  Portage  County,  Ohio.  Died 
October  10,  1901.  He  filled  important  missions  during  his 
life  and  was  universally  esteemed,  as  a  man  of  honor  and 
devotion  to  his  faith. 

Joseph  F.  Smith  is  his  successor.  He  was  born  in  Far 
West,  Caldwell  County,  Mo.,  November  13,  1838.  He  is  the 
son  of  Hyrum  Smith,  slain  at  Carthage,  Mo.  He  has  selected 


for  counsellors  John  R.  Winder,  born  December  n,  1821,  and 
Anthon  H.  Lund,  born  May  15,  1844. 

(Page  19.)  DENOMINATIONAL  CHURCHES  OF  SALT 
LAKE  CITY. 

St.  Mary's  Cathedral  (Catholic),  on  Second  East,  be- 
tween South  Temple  and  First  South  streets,  was  the  first 
non-Mormon  church  erected  in  Utah  after  its  settlement. 
President  Young  donated  $500  toward  its  erection.  Sabbath 
services  are  held  at  8,  9,  and  10  a.  m.  and  7 :3O  p.  m. 

St.  Mark's  Cathedral  (Episcopal)  is  two  and  a  half  blocks 
east  of  Main  street,  north  side  of  First  South.  The  building 
is  90  feet  long,  36  feet  wide,  and  34  feet  high.  It  was  erected 
in  1871,  at  a  cost  of  $45,000.  A  transept  was  afterward  added 
and  a  fine  pipe  organ  placed  therein,  at  a  cost  of  $5,000.  Sab- 
bath morning  services  at  n  a.  m. ;  evening  services,  7:30  p.  m. 

Presbyterian  Church,  corner  Second  South  and  Second 
East  streets,  is  a  plain,  redwood,  rustic  edifice,  has  fine  acous- 
tic properties,  and  is  a  pleasant  place  in  which  to  worship. 
Sabbath  services  at  n  a.  m.  and  8  p.  m. 

St.  Paul's  Chapel  (Episcopal),  corner  of  Fourth  South 
and  Main  streets,  is  a  handsome  stone  building,  neatly  and 
artistically  finished  within  and  without.  The  rectory  adjoins 
the  Chapel.  Times  of  service  same  as  St.  Mark's,  above. 

The  Jewish  Synagogue,  located  on  Fifth  East,  between 
First  and  Second  South  streets,  is  an  interesting  building  re- 
cently finished.  It  is  one  evidence  of  the  cosmopolitan  char- 
acter of  the  population  of  Salt  Lake. 

The  First  Congregational  Church,  a  beautiful  addition  to 
the  architectural  attractions  of  Salt  Lake  City,  is  located  on 
the  corner  of  First  South  and  Fifth  East  streets.  One  of  the 
most  beautiful  organs  in  the  West  has  been  placed  within  it, 
and  combined  with  the  elegant  interior  finish,  helps  to  make 
this  addition  to  our  collection  of  churches  the  most  notable 
of  them  all.  Services  are  held  every  Sunday  at  u  a.  m.  and 
7  :3O  p.  m.  Sunday  school  at  usual  hours. 

First  Methodist  Church,  half  a  block  east  of  Main  street, 
on  Third  South,  is  a  roomy,  handsome  brick  structure,  cost 
$60,000  and  seats  800.  Sunday  services  at  u  a.  m.  and  7  p.  m. 

The  Swedish  Lutheran  Church  is  on  the  corner  of  Second 
South  and  Fourth  East  streets.  It  was  built  in  1885 :  cost 
$10.000 ;  is  66  feet  long  and  44  feet  wide,  and  is  generally  con- 
sidered one  of  the  neatest  buildings  for  religious  purposes  in 
the  city.  Opposite  this  building  is  All  Hallows  College 
(Catholic). 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE    CITY. 


33 


First  Baptist  Church.  This  very  pretty  edifice  is  located 
on  the  corner  of  Second  South  and  Second  West.  Sunday 
services  are  held  at  1 1  a.  m.  and  7 130  p.  m. 

The  Christian  Scientists  not  long  ago  completed,  at  a  cost 
of  over  $.25,000,  quite  a  nice  and  attractive  place  of  meeting. 
It  will  be  found  east  on  Third  South. 

In  Salt  Lake  City,  besides  the  recognized  orthodox 
churches,  can  be  found  the  Unitarians,  Christian  Scientists, 
the  "Reorganized,"  Salvation  Army,  Theosophists,  Freethink- 
ers, and  others,  so  that  any,  religious  or  non-religious,  can  be 
satisfied. 

For  the  inquirer,  the  interested,  or  the  curious,  the  Latter- 
Day  Saints  have  services  in  each  meeting  house  of  the  twenty- 
five  wards  of  the  city  every  Sunday,  generally  commencing 
at  6  or  6:30  p.  m.  There  are  Sabbath  schools  in  these  wards 
also  at  10  a.  m.,  where  visitors  are  welcomed.  Sacrament 
services  are  held  first  Sunday  in  each  month  at  2  p.  m.,  in  the 
same  places.  Tabernacle  services  at  2  p.  m.  Sundays,  as 
noted  elsewhere.  The  public  are  invited  and  all  seats  are  free. 

(Page  20.)     PUBLIC  OR  DISTRICT  SCHOOLS. 

Salt  Lake  City  has  reason  to  be  proud  of  her  public 
schools,  which  are,  in  point  of  number,  size,  and  architectural 
finish,  the  equals  of  any  to  be  found  in  older  communities. 
All  the  interior  finishings  and  appointments  are  of  the  best, 
and  all  recent  improvements  deemed  necessary  to  a  complete 
system  of  education  have  been  adopted.  The  number  of 
scholars  enrolled  in  1901  was  13,000,  and  the  number  in  regu- 
lar attendance  is  over  10.000  in  the  public  schools  of  the  city. 
There  are  250  teachers.  No  religious  tenets  are  permitted  to 
be  taught,  making  them  strictly  non-sectarian.  The  education 
obtained  within  them  is  little  short  of  the  highest  type.  The 
School  Board  is  composed  of  both  "Mormons"  and  "Gentiles," 
so-called,  and  is  of  a  most  progressive  and  liberal  character. 
During  late  years  $1,500,000  has  been  expended  for  additional 
school  buildings  and  grounds.  The  amount  requisite  for 
maintaining  the  public  schools  of  Salt  Lake  City,  which  num- 
ber twenty-eight,  exclusive  of  the  University,  is  $210,000, 
which  amount  covers  salaries,  school  books,  etc.,  but  there  is 
also  a  large  annual  interest  on  the  bonded  school  indebtedness. 

Kindergarten  schools  are  also  established,  and  these  are 
successfully  and  efficiently  conducted. 


(Page   21.)      INDIANS    (SEVERAL   TYPES). 

The  Indians  represented  on  this  page  of  illustrations,  are 
types  of  the  races  that  still  remain  in  the  valleys  of  Utah. 
Strange  to  say,  they  are  gradually  dying  off,  although  uni- 
formly treated  with  kindness  in  many  homes.  The  policy  of 
Brigham  Young,  as  expressed  by  him,  was,  that  it  was  "better 
to  feed  than  to  fight  them." 

The  Indians  generally  regard  the  people  now  as  their 
friends,  and  very  seldom  is  there  trouble  between  the  settlers 
and  these  aborigines  of  the  country.  Colonies  for  them  have 
been  formed  here  and  there,  under  the  direction  of  devoted 
Elders,  with  a  view  of  getting  the  Indians  to  understand  and 
adopt  the  habits  of  the  whites,  but  the  results  thus  far  are  not 
very  encouraging. 

Of  the  Goshutes,  in  the  western  part  of  Utah,  very  few  re- 
main. Of  the  Utes,  proper,  many  families  are  seen  at  times 
on  the  streets  of  Salt  Lake  City. 

The  Shoshones  and  Bannocks,  in  the  northern  part  of 
Utah  and  Southern  Idaho,  are  more  numerous.  They  are 
superstitious  about  having  their  portraits  taken.  It  is  next 
to  impossible  to  get  them  to  pose  without  dressing  up  for  the 
occasion,  attrition  with  civilization  having  led  them  to  have 
some  regard  for  personal  appearance  —  at  least  when  being 
photographed. 

The  portraits  of  Sioux  Indians  here  inserted  were  ob- 
tained from  the  fact  that  they  were  enlisted  men  in  the  U.  S. 
Army  (stationed  at  Fort  Doglas  at  the  time),  and  through  a 
strong  feeling  of  friendship,  they  reluctantly  allowed  them- 
selves (to  be  photographed  as  dressed  for  their  famous  "Ghost 
Dance"  —  a  concession  never  made  when  in  their  own  villages. 

BIRD'S-EYE  VIEW  OF  SALT  LAKE  CITY 
AND  SURROUNDINGS. 

Little  need  be  said  in  regard  to  this,  save  that  it  repre- 
sents and  gives  an  idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  city  of  the 
"Saints,"  which  covers  nearly  twelve  square  miles.  Its  lordly 
streets  and  individual  palaces  are  worthy  of  its  founder  and 
its  site.  No  fairer  city  rests  in  this  Republic,  and  when  seen 
from  an  eminence,  in  the  midst  of  spring  and  summer,  it  is 
a  notable  picture.  Trees,  flowers,  lawns,  and  homes  set  in 
changing  colors  and  framed  as  it  were  by  the  everlasting  hills, 
it  is  the  astonishment  of  tourists  and  the  very  ideal  combina- 
tion of  town  and  country.  Transit  from  its  extremities  is 
easy;  electric  cars  run  along  its  thoroughfares  and  into  its 


.,  ^ 


PICTORIAL     REl:  LEX     OF    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


lovely  suburban  districts,  which  are  increasing  annually,  from 
a  somewhat  mistaken  idea,  that  the  Garden  City  is  becoming 
crowded,  and  that  fresh  air  is  more  or  less  of  a  stranger  in 
those  grand  thoroughfares  which  are  envied  by  every  tourist 
and  visitor  who,  from  old-fashioned,  stifling,  bustling  cities, 
have  felt  as  if  they  possessed  it  all. 

Water,  sewage,  electric  lighting,  schools,  colleges,  univer- 
sities, and  all  sorts  of  educational  institutions ;  ready  city 
transportation  and  several  con  verging  railroads;  lakes,  ravines, 
and  mountains ;  retreats  and  pleasure  resorts  in  great  variety ; 
mercantile  stores  and  manufactories ;  mining  in  gold,  silver, 
lead,  copper,  coal,  iron ;  rocks,  marbles,  onyx,  clays,  for  build- 
ings ;  fruits,  grazing,  stock  ranges,  and  agricultural  interests 
generally,  including  sugar,  and  salt  from  the  inland  sea — so 
make  up,  along  with  a  multiplicity  of  things  unnamed,  a 
marvellous  whole  as  is  rarely  equaled  and  never  excelled  in 
our  almost  interminable  national  domain,  from  the  Atlantic  to 
the  Pacific,  or  from  Mexico  to  Canada.  The  resources  of 
this  wonderful  State  are  innumerable ;  her  population  is  peace- 
able, progressive,  and,  in  the  main,  religious  without  fanati- 
cism and  more  than  disposed  to  award  to  all  lovers  of  re- 
ligious liberty,  unselfish  patriotism,  and  intelligent  citizenship, 
a  welcome  to  this  so-called  "Treasure  House  of  the  Gods" 
for  mutual  blessings  and  enduring  peace.  No  tourist  who 
crosses  this  great  continent  can  afford  to  do  so  without 
visiting  this  the  Queen  City  of  the  everlasting  hills,  if  only 
to  witness  the  outgrowth  of  that  faith,  patience,  and  perse- 
verence  which,  from  the  Genesis  of  the  "Mormon"  colonies 
into  the  desert,  their  mighty  leader,  Brigham  Young,  and  his 
indefatigable  successors,  associates,  and  people,  have  wrought, 
— miracles  unparalleled  by  any  other  similarly  situated  people 
since  the  world  began. 

TOURISTS'  GUIDE  TO  CITY  STREET  NOMENCLAT- 
URE. 

The  streets  of  Salt  Lake  City  are  laid  out  at  right  angles, 
132  feet  wide,  and  run  north  and  south,  east  and  west — com- 
bined, they  would  extend  over  100  miles. 

The  central  business  street  is  called  East  Temple  (or 
Main)  street,  and  bounds  the  Temple  Block  on  the  east. 

The  street  bounding  Temple  Block  on  the  south  is  called 
South  Temple,  and  sometimes  Brigham  street. 

The  street  bounding  Temple  Block  on  the  west  is  called 
West  Temple  street. 


The  street  bounding  Temple  Block  on  the  north  is  called 
North  Temple  street — sometimes  Aqueduct  street. 

The  streets  east  of  East  Temple  street  are  designated  by 
numbers  and  called  First  East,  Second  East,  etc. ;  those  south 
of  South  Temple  street  being  called  First  South,  Second 
South,  etc. ;  those  west  of  West  Temple  street  being  called 
First  West,  Second  West,  etc.,  and  those  north  of  North 
Temple  street  being  called  First  North,  Second  North,  etc. 

STATISTICS  OF  SALT  LAKE  CITY. 

The  population  of  Salt  Lake  City  is  65,000,  by  a  close 
estimate. 

The  estimated  wealth  of  Salt  Lake  City  is  $75,000,000. 

The  altitude  of  the  city  above  sea  level  is  4,300  feet  above 
the  sea  at  the  south-east  corner  of  Temple  Block. 

The  annual  death  rate  of  Salt  Lake  City  is  less  than  10 
per  thousand  of  its  population. 

One  hundred  and  forty-eight  thousand  tons  of  salt  are 
made  by  evaporation  on  the  borders  of  the  lake. 

Fifty  thousand  barrels  of  beer  are  made  annually. 

The  Dinwoody  Furniture  Company  is  the  largest  of  sev- 
eral furniture  manufacturing  concerns. 

The  Z.  C.  M.  I.  Factory  turns  out  about  $175,000  worth 
of  boots  and  shoes,  and  $10,000  worth  of  overalls,  etc.,  giving 
employment  to  200  persons.  Solomon  Brothers  also  make 
$20,000  worth  of  boots  and  shoes  per  annum,  and  Robinson 
Brothers  manufacture  about  the  same  amount  of  similar 
goods. 

Salt  Lake  City  has  over  60  miles  of  water  mains,  22  miles 
of  sewers,  $2,500,000  city  debt,  a  city  tax  of  32j/>  mills. 
70  miles  electric  railway;  it  has  300  arc  electric  street  lights,  a 
large  number  of  artesian  wells,  three  fine  hospitals,  a  splendid 
public  school  system,  and  schools  and  churches  of  nearly  all 
the  religious  sects  to  be  found  in  other  cities. 

There  are  three  daily  papers  published  in  Salt  Lake  City— 
The  Desert  News.  Herald,  and  Tribune. 

The  receipts  of  the  Salt  Lake  Postoffice  for  1900  were 
said  to  be  $135.000. 

There  are  twenty-eight  public  school  districts  in  Salt  Lake 
Citv,  where  a  good  common  ?chool  education  may  be  obtained. 
There  is  also  a  good  public  high  school. 

The  different  religious  societies  also  have  schools  so  that 
education  is  easy  of  access  to  all  who  desire  it.  Kindergar- 
tens are  also  established  and  doing  well. 


PICTORIAL     REFLEX     OF    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


There  are  twenty-four  bishops'  wards  in  Salt  Lake  City. 
The  Mormon  residents  of  each  of  these  are  in  charge  of  the 
bishop  and  his  two  counselors  and  an  organization  of 
teachers. 

The  width  of  the  streets  in  Salt  Lake  City  has  always 
created  comment.  Some  think  them  too  wide — some  think 
them  just  right,  urging  that  general  conflagrations  are  impos- 
sible; also  that  contagious  diseases  do  not  have  as  good  a 
chance.  Taxpayers  might  prefer  them  of  less  width,  but 
Brigham  Young  was  the  engineer  that  gave  the  measure- 
ments, and  his  ideas  have  settled  the  width  of  those  streets 
for  all  time  to  come.  One  hundred  and  thirty-two  feet  from 
wall  to  wall  is  the  usual  width.  Along  most  of  the  streets 
the  mountain  water  courses  down  on  each  side,  and  when 
planted  with  trees  this  great  width  is  not  so  noticeable.  Those 
streets  illustrated  (see  page  10  of  Reflex  pictures)  are  the 
principal  business  thoroughfares  and  embrace  East  Temple 
(or  Main)  and  First  and  Second  South  streets.  One  notice- 
able, and  to  some  objectionable  feature,  is  that  the  principal 
poles  for  telegraph,  telephone,  and  street  railway  purposes  are 
placed  in  the  middle  of  the  streets,  which  mars  their  grandeur, 
as  these  poles  increase  from  year  to  year. 

The  Warm  Springs  are  located  within  the  city  limits,  on 
the  corner  of  Seventh  North  and  Second  West,  and  can  be 
reached  every  fifteen  minutes  by  electric  cars.  Here  can  be 
had  Turkish,  plunge,  or  private  baths.  The  temperature  of 
the  baths  runs  from  100°  to  108°  F.,  and  stress  is  laid  upon 
their  curative  value  in  rheumatism,  dyspepsia,  and  catarrh  of 
the  head  or  stomach. 

These  springs  are  charged  with  hydro-sulphuric  acid  gas, 
and  ladies  praise  their  virtues  as  removers  of  tan,  freckles, 
etc. ;  in  fact,  as  superior  to  any  cosmetic  in  the  renewing  and 
preservation  of  the  complexion. 

The  improvements  and  accommodations  are  of  the  first 
order. 

The  Salt  Lake  Sanitarium-Natatorium  is  located  in  the 
heart  of  the  city,  on  Third  South,  between  Main  and  West 
Temple  streets;  it  is  supplied  with  water  of  110°  F.,  from  an 
excellent  mineral  medicinal  spring  three  miles  distant,  and  is 
as  tasty,  complete,  and  commodious  a  sanitarium  as  can  be 
found  in  any  city.  Its  waters  are  equally  as  beneficial  as 
those  of  other  sorings.  The  price  of  a  bath  at  each  of  these 
springs  and  at  the  sanitarium  is  25  cents. 

These  hot  thermal  and  medical  springs,  so  conveniently 
located  at  and  near  Salt  Lake  City,  are  destined,  ere  long, 


35 

to  make  her  the  greatest  sanitarium  on  the  American  conti- 
nent. 

OTHER  ITEMS  OF  INTEREST  AS  TO  THIS  CITY. 

City  Creek,  Parley's,  and  Emigration  Creeks  are  the  chief 
sources  of  water  supply  for  this  growing  city. 

The  aqueduct  for  carrying  off  its  surplus  waters  runs 
through  the  center  of  North  Temple  street. 

A  large  canal  runs  from  the  narrows  of  Jordan  River, 
twenty  miles  south,  into  the  eastern  part  of  the  city,  with  an 
outlet  into  City  Creek  aqueduct,  near  East  Temple  street ; 
other  canals  are  also  constructed  to  water  the  western  part 
of  the  valley  in  addition  to  others  on  the  east  side  of  the  river. 

TOURIST  CARRIAGE  DRIVES. 

The  points  of  interest  that  can  be  reached  by  tourists 
when  riding  put  are  Fort  Douglas,  Prospect  Hill,  Liberty 
Park,  the  "Drive,"  and  the  Boulevard.  To  reach  any  of  these 
you  pass  many  interesting  points;  and  if  time  is  abundant,  a 
drive  up  City  Creek  Canon  will  be  found  both  pleasant  and 
attractive.  Hundreds  of  Salt  Lakers  take  their  conveyances, 
tents,  and  camp  accoutrements  and  spend  delightfully  cool 
weeks  during  the  summer  season  up  the  canons  that  open 
out  into  the  valley — except  City  Creek,  along  which  no  one  is 
allowed  to  camp  as  a  precautionary  measure  in  regard  to  the 
domestic  water  supply. 

The  canons  possessing  the  greatest  attractions  are  City 
Creek  and  Big  and  Little  Cottonwood  Canons.  An  ascent  of 
any  one  of  these  reveals  a  succession  of  beautiful  pictures. 

On  West  Temple,  between  South  Temple  and  First  South, 
can  be  found  the  largest  and  best  appointed  livery  and  trans- 
fer stables  in  the  West ;  they  possess  facilities  for  hauling 
large  parties  of  tourists  in  their  celebrated  Tally-Ho  Coach. 
"Raymond,"  the  largest  in  the  world,  and  other  commodious 
"Drags,"  Coupes,  Victorias,  etc.  Gentlemanly  drivers,  well 
posted  on  matters  of  interest  to  tourists,  are  furnished.  Other 
establishments  also  furnish  livery  outfits. 

Calder's  Park,  just  south  of  the  city,  and  Liberty  Park, 
just  within  the  limits,  are  both  beautiful  resorts,  with  all  the 
essential  features,  and  can  be  reached  easily  by  electric  cars. 

PLACES  OF  INTEREST  OUTSIDE  OF  THE  CITY. 

The  visitor  who  intends  to  enjoy  himself  for  a  few  days 
in  Utah  should  visit  some  of  the  grand  canons  of  the  Wasatch 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE    CITY. 


range.  Tha  most  beautiful  is  Big  Cottonwood  Canon,  easily 
accessible  by  conveyance ;  the  road  is  smooth  and  the  scenery 
well  repays.  Little  Cottonwood  Canon  can  be  reached  in  sum- 
mer by  daily  stage  to  Wasatch  ("Granite"  Summer  Resort), 
thence  by  tram  to  Alta,  9,000  feet  elevation.  From  the  heated 
valley  to  snow  banks  in  a  few  hours  is  a  trip  worth  taking. 

Should  the  visitor  desire  to  still  further  take  in  the 
grandeur  of  the  Wasatch  range,  he  is  advised,  to  go  three 
miles,  on  foot  or  horseback,  from  Alta  over  to  Brighton's 
(Silver  Lake  Summer  Hotel,  9,200  feet  elevation),  see  the 
beautiful  lakes  and  mountains,  thence  over  to  Park  City,  by 
wagon  road,  and  visit  the  greatest  mining  camp  in  Utah,  the 
location  of  the  famous  Ontario,  Silver  King,  and  Daly  mines. 
From  thence  he  can  reach  Salt  Lake  by  rail  over  the  Park 
City  Branch  ,of  the  Rio  Grande  Western,  thus  giving  him 
grand  views  in  Parley's  Park  and  in  Parley's  Canon  down  to 
the  city.  The  whole  trip  is  full  of  scenic  interest  and  quite 
inexpensive.  The  famous  mines  of  Tintic  can  be  reached  by 
the  Oregon  Short  Line  or  Rio  Grande  Western  Railways. 
The  last  named  passes  around  Utah  Lake  and  through  the 
towns  and  villages  in  Utah  valley.  The  Oregon  Short  Line 
train  leaves  Salt  Lake  City  direct  for  Eureka,  branching  from 
a  point  near  Lehi,  the  first  town  reached  on  entering  Utah 
valley,  where  there  is  located  one  of  the  six  successful  beet 
factories  in  the  United  States. 

Bingham  Canon,  another  important  mining  camp,  but  in  the 
Oquirrh  Mountains,  on  the  west  side  of  Salt  Lake  valley,  is 
also  a  great  place  of  interest.  It  can  be  easily  reached  by  the 
Rio  Grande  Western  Railway.  Mercur  and  many  other 
mining  districts  are  now  looming  up  with  astonishing  results. 
A  train  for  this  point  leaves  Salt  Lake  City  every  day  and 
returns,  giving  the  tourist  an  opportunity  of  inspecting  the 
most  phenomenal  mining  district  in  the  State. 

Besides  Utah  Lake,  the  most  noted  in  Utah  are  Fish  Lake, 
250  miles  south  of  Salt  Lake  City  and  6,500  feet  above  the 
sea,  and  Bear  Lake,  on  the  northeastern  part  of  Utah.  Both 
of  these  lakes  abound  in  fish  and  are  objects  of  great  natural 
beauty. 

^  The  Lagoon,  eighteen  miles  by  rail  from  the  city,  is  quite 
a  pleasant  visiting  point ;  the  grounds  are  beautifully  laid 
out;  there  is  a  fine  pavilion  for  concerts  and  dancing,  lakes 
for  boating,  cricket  or  ball  grounds,  fine  open  bowery  for  pic- 
nics, and  seats  everywhere  for  rest.  Fare,  including  return, 
only  25  cents.  Refreshments  on  the  ground. 

Garfield  Beach  is  also  a  noted  resort  on  the  lake  shore. 


It  is  controlled  by  the  Oregon  Short  Line  Railway  Company 
and  situated  at  the  most  picturesque  point  on  the  southern 
shores  of  Utah's  great  inland  sea.  Everything  necessary  for 
the  comfort  and  pleasure  of  visitors  has  been  provided,  and 
some  have  thought  it  to  be  superior  to  Saltair,  but  it  is  some 
six  or  seven  miles  further  from  the  city  than  the  latter. 

At  present  it  is  unused,  the  lake  having  receded  from  its 
pavilion.  It  is,  however,  a  very  attractive  resort  for  many 
reasons,  and  will  doubtless  be  utilized  in  the  future  as  in  the 
past. 

THE  GREAT  SALT  LAKE. 

No  visitor  should  fail  to  visit  and  enjoy  the  superb'luxury 
of  a  bath  in  these  saline  waters,  whose  buoyancy  is  so  great 
that  the  bather  can  sit  on  it  with  perfect  east,  a  few  horizontal 
motions  of  the  hands  being  all  that  is  necessary  to  keep  him 
self  in  position.  Care  should  be  taken  by  the  bathers  to  keep 
the  water  from  their  eyes,  noses,  and  mouths.  The  following 
shows  the  comparative  density  of  different  bodies  of  water: 

Water.      Solids. 

Atlantic    Ocean     96.5  3.5 

Mediterranean   Sea    96.2  3.8 

Dead  Sea   76.0  24.0 

Great   Salt   Lake 74.78          25.22 

The  lake  is  eighty  miles  long  by  fifty  wide.  It  is  shallow 
on  the  east  side  and  deeper  on  the  west;  the  greatest  known 
depth  being  sixty  feet. 

Concerning  life  in  the  Great  Salt  Lake,  Dr.  J.  E.  Talmage 
has  written :  "Of  animals  but  few  specimens  have  been  found 
in  the  lake,  but  these  few  are  represented  by  swarming  num- 
bers. Among  the  animal  forms  already  reported  as  com- 
mon to  the  lake,  the  writer  has  confirmed  the  presence  of 
four:  (l)  Artemia  fertilis,  Verril ;  (2)  the  larvae  of  one 
of  the  Tipulidae,  probably  Chironomus  oceanicus,  Packard ; 
(3)  a  species  of  Corixa,  probably  Corixa  tricolor,  Uhler ;  (4) 
larvae  and  pupae  of  a  fly,  Ephydra  gracilis,  Packard." 

Vast  quantities  of  salt  are  obtained  at  various  points  on 
the  borders  of  the  lake,  by  solar  evaporation  from  artificial 
ponds,  during  the  summer  months.  It  is  shipped  to  the  ore 
smelters  of  Utah,  Idaho,  Montana,  and  Colorado  for  fluxing 
purposes.  There  is  enough  to  supply  the  whole  Union  for 
an  indefinite  period.  The  tourist  should  carry  home  specimens 
of  water  and  sand  from  the  shore,  examine  the  same  under 
a  magnifying  glass,  and  he  will  find  that  what  was  apparently 


PICTORIAL  REFLEX  OF  SALT  LAKE  CITY. 


37 


sand  is  a  polished  globe  of  lime,  beautiful  to  look  upon.  If 
fond  of  climbing,  visit  the  cave  on  the  mountain  side,  about 
half  a  mile  from  the  bathing  houses  at  Garfield;  there  get  a 
grand  view  of  the  lake  and  islands ;  notice  also  the  wonderful 
water  line  that  marks  the  epoch  when  the  lake  was  a  thou- 
sand feet  higher  than  it  is  now,  and  no  doubt  was  a  fresh 
water  lake  at  that  time ;  it  is  now  known  to  scientists  as  "Lake 
Bonneville,"  in  honor  of  the  modern  discoverer  of  its  former 
existence  and  magnitude. 

STATE  ITEMS  FOR  THE  INQUIRER. 

Salt  Lake  County  is  twenty  miles  long  by  eighteen  in  the 
widest  part.  Nearly  all  the  land  available  for  cultivation  is 
taken  up. 

Utah  covers  an  area  of  82,190  square  miles. 

The  population  of  Utah  by  last  official  count  was  (1900) 
280,000. 

The  legal  rate  of  interest  in  Utah  is  8  per  cent  per  annum. 

There  are  over  100,000  teachers  and  scholars  in  the  "Mor- 
mon" Sunday  School  Union  of  Utah. 

There  are  thirty-nine  banks  in  Utah,  with  a  capital  of 
$5,011,890  and  deposits  amounting  to  nearly  ten  millions. 

The  total  assessed  value  of  property  in  1895  was  $97,983,- 
525.00. 

The  number  of  farms  in  Utah  is  19,816,  but  few  of  which 
are  encumbered  by  mortgage. 

The  total  number  of  acres  irrigated  is  417,455. 

Fifty-four  million  acres  are  included  within  the  boundaries 
of  the  State,  the  irrigated  portion  is  as  one  in  fifty-three,  prob- 
ably some  three  million  acres  can  be  utilized  by  the  creation 
of  expensive  reservoirs  and  appliances. 

The  number  of  sheep  in  Utah  owned  by  its  citizens 
is  over  5,000,000.  Value  of  sheep,  $600,000.  The  wool  clip  is 
valued  at  $1,000,000. 

Value  of  agricultural  products  in  1900  was  over  $15,- 
000,000. 

Number  of  industrial  concerns  880,  employing  50,541  peo- 
ple. Wages  paid.  $2,037,118.  Capital  invested,  $5,476.245.  now 
much  increased.  Products  thereof  in  value,  $6,678,118  an- 
nually. 

Number  of  stores,  1,974.  Employees,  5,023.  Capital,  $14,- 
5S7.30O.  doing  an  annual  business  of  $32.855,611. 

Utah  has  1,500  miles  of  railroad  and  90  miles  of  street 
railroad. 


Expended  in  public  and  private  buildings  and  works  in 
1900,  $2,000,000. 

School  property  in  Utah,  $2,355,673.94,  with  a  total  school 
population  of  86,000. 

The  total  output  of  ranch  and  range  was  $2,000,000. 

Seven  times  was  application  made  for  Statehood,  which 
was  finally  granted.  The  first  inauguration  services  were 
held  January  6,  1895,  and  from  Governor  Wells'  address  on 
that  occasion  many  of  the  statistics  are  culled.  Since  that 
date  all  these  figures  have  become  very  materially  advanced. 

The  fate  of  taxation,  which  includes  City,  County,  and 
State,  is  32^2  mills  on  an  assumed  cash  valuation. 

The  total  assessment  of  the  State  for  1900  was  $104,970,- 
253,  and  the  state  tax  for  the  same  year  was  placed  at 
$794,550.63. 

Salt  Lake  County  has  a  population  of  85.000  souls  or 
more,  and  the  valuation  of  its  taxable  property  is  $40,000,000. 

The  products  of  the  Utah  Woolen  Mills  in  Provo  are 
sold  all  over  the  Union.  The  demand  for  them  is  increas- 
ing for  the  reason  that  they  are  all  wool  and  honestly  made 
to  wear  well. 

There  are  eighteen  cigar  factories  in  Utah.  The  sale  of 
stamps  shows  that  2,563,000  cigars  were  manufactured  in  a 
year,  most  of  them  in  Salt  Lake  City,  where  there  are  thirteen 
factories. 

Utah  boasts  of  the  finest  Beet  Sugar  Factory  in  America. 
It  is  located  near  Lehi,  and  cost  $500,000  to  build  it.  The 
first  year's  run  (1891)  was  10,000  tons,  which  produced  1,250,- 
ooo  pounds  of  sugar.  The  second  year  showed  1.500,000 
pounds  from  10,000  tons  of  beets,  and  the  third  year  4.000.000 
pounds  of  sugar.  This  sugar  took  the  prize  at  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  1893  >  $4-25  per  ton  was  paid  for  the 
beets,  which  were  raised  at  different  places  in  the  locality. 
Twenty  per  cent  was  the  highest  product  of  sugar  found  in 
the  beets,  and  those  came  from  a  place  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Jordan  River,  in  Salt  Lake  Valley.  The  factory  em- 
ploys no  men  when  running,  but  some  3,200  people,  directly 
and  indirectly,  find  employment  on  its  account. 

The  output  of  sugar  at  Lehi  was  1000,  11,400.000  pounds, 
and  at  the  Ogden  factory  5.800,000,  or  a  total  of  17,000,000 
pounds,  or  some  three  million  pounds  short  of  the  present 
Utah  consumption.  Each  ton  of  beets  utilized  produced  over 
250  pounds  of  sugar. 

So  generously  has  the  soil  of  this  inter-mountain  country 
responded  to  this  industry  that  now  factories  are  in  process 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


of  erection  or  already  completed  by  Utah  capitalists  and  ex- 
perts, in  Logan,  Utah,  Baker  City,  Oregon,  and  one  in  Colo- 
rado. 

Among  other  products  of  Utah,  that  of  cotton  is  not  the 
least  interesting.  The  first  experiments  were  made  in  1855  by 
missionaries  and  colonizers,  Jacob  Hamlin,  Thales  Haskell, 
A.  P.  Hardy,  Samuel  Knight,  and  some  25  others  under  the 
leadership  of  R.  C.  Allen. 

Noting  the  climatic  conditions  on  the  Rio  Virgin  and 
Santa  Clara  (beyond  the  rim  of  the  basin),  they  procured 
some  cotton  seed,  added  this  to  their  other  farming  operations 
among  the  Indians,  which  proved  a  success ;  enough  being 
produced  after  cleaning  and  spinning,  then  weaving  by  hand, 
to  make  thirty  yards  of  cloth,  a  piece  of  which  is  still  in  pos- 
session of  Samuel  Knight — the  joint  product  of  self  and  wife. 

Among  the  large  number  of  colonizers  sent  down  by 
President  Brigham  Young  in  1858,  was  Joseph  Home  and 
others,  who  were  instructed  to  try  this  industry  on  a  larger 
scale.  Fromone  unfortuitous  circumstance  to  another  it  is  said 
that  every  pound  of  lint  cost  $3.50,  but  this  was  gradually  re- 
duced ;  rebellion  in  the  South  gave  the  venture  that  impetus 
which  culminated  in  the  building  of  the  factory  at  Washing- 
ton, which  ever  since  has  been  an  important  auxiliary  in  sup- 
plying the  Southern  people  with  clothing  and  Northern  Utah 
with  Batts,  Cotton  Yarn,  Towels,  Ginghams,  and  other  fabrics, 
and  the  manufacture  of  which  under  the  late  management  of 
Bishop  Theo.  Judd,  has  paid  in  seven  years  $20,000.00  in  divi- 
dends and  more  than  $100,000.00  in  wages. 

Wheat,  Barley,  and  Oats  in  1900,  5,000,000  bushels ;  esti- 
mated value  $2,400,000. 

The  salt  products  for  the  year  1900  was  120,000  tons. 

The  Coal  product  for  the  year  1900  was  1,134,900  tons, 
worth  $5,150,000. 

The  mineral  output  including  Gold,  Silver,  Lead,  and  Cop- 
per, for  the  year  was  $21,385,649. 

The  dividends  paid  on  prominent  mines  for  the  same 
time  amounts  to  $2.439,500. 

The  comparatively  new  product,  "Gilsonite,"  was  mined 
in  1900,  120,000  tons. 

One  million  dollars  was  put  into  new  buildings  in  Salt 
Lake 'City  in  1900. 

The  Salt  Lake  jobbing  trade  for  the  year  was  estimated 
at  $22.500.000. 

The  fifteen  Banks  of  Salt  Lake  City,  with  a  capital  of 
$3,005,000,  have  as  deposits  $25,016,454. 


Clearings  for  the  year  amounted  to  $116,984,563.18. 

The  receipts  of  Salt  Lake  county  were  $257,269.53. 

The  State  resources  for  the  year  amounted  to  $1,555,- 
175-69. 

The  Provo  factory  consumed  500,000  pounds  of  wool  and 
shipped  out  of  the  State  200,000  yards  of  woolen  goods. 

Utah  posesses  immense  deposits  for  building  purposes, 
Granite,  red,  gray,  white,  and  brown  Sandstone,  Marble  in  all 
colors,  and  Onyx  of  fine  grade. 

Slate  is  also  found  in  abundance,  for  roofing,  when  build- 
ers conclude  to  use  it. 

THE  CLIMATE  OF  UTAH  AND  ITS  FRUITS,  ETC. 

The  month  of  June  is  the  dryest  in  the  year. 

The  average  annual  rainfall  in  Utah  for  twenty  years  is 
16.5  inches,  at  the  Salt  Lake  Signal  Service  Station,  altitude 
about  4,300  feet,  but  at  the  higher  elevations  the  precipitation 
is  much  more  and  remains,  sometimes,  all  the  summer  and 
autumn,  as  snow. 

A  few  thunder  showers  occur  during  the  summer  months 
and  sometimes  late  in  the  fall. 

Highest  point  on  record  reached  by  the  thermometer  was 
102  degrees,  on  July  30,  1889.  Ninety  degrees  is  seldom  reach- 
ed, and  this  is  not  so  much  felt  as  in  the  humid  atmosphere 
of  lower  places. 

By  ascending  our  canons  during  the  heated  term  you  can 
enjoy  any  degree  of  temperature  wished,  and  also  the  delight- 
ful surroundings  that  make  the  canons  so  attractive. 

Table  of  elevations  of  the  principal  places  in  Utah,  from 
the  United  States  Survey: 

Feet  above  Feet  above 

sea  level.  sea  level. 

Salt    Lake    City 14,261  Logan    4.557 

Great   Salt   Lake 4,218  Nephi    -(.920 

American    Fork 4,608  Parowan    S.Qio 

Provo     4,52O  Promontory     4.QO5 

Utah    Lake 4,498  Richfield    ." 5.282 

Spanish    Fork 4.556  Rush    Vallev   5,234 

Beaver     6,058  Mammoth    Mine 6,947 

Fort    Douglas 4,800  Tintic    4,833 

Corinne     4,232  Tooele    4,487 

Devil's    Gate 4,835  Willard    City 4,350 

Echo     5.589  Daw's    Mountain 13,300 

Filmore    6,025  Mt.    Nebo 11,992 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE    CITY. 


The  lowest  temperature  recorded  in  Salt  Lake  City  was 
twenty  below  zero,  January  20,  1883.  Since  1874  the  mercury 
has  fallen  below  zero  only  six  times  on  the  coldest  days,  the 
first  frosts  being  about  the  ninth  day  of  October,  in  Salt 
Lake  Valley  on  the  uplands;  on  the  lowlands  a  few  days 
earlier. 

It  is  very  seldom  that  winds  in  the  Utah  Valley  reach 
more  than  twenty  miles  per  hour.  Cyclones  and  hurricanes 
are  unknown. 

The  Black  Hamburg  grape  will  ripen  in  Salt  Lake  Valley, 
if  protected  by  a  northern  shelter.  The  Sweetwater  grape 
reaches  perfection,  without  shelter,  but  all  tender  grape 
vines  should  be  protected  in  winter.  Nectarines,  apricots, 
and  almonds  do  well.  Utah  strawberries  are  the  finest  on 
earth,  and  her  potatoes  and  vegetables  have  no  superiors. 
There  are  only  a  few  trees  growing  in  Salt  Lake  City  that 
were  found  there  when  the  pioneers  came  in  in  1847,  namely ; 
a  grove  of  box  elder  trees  near  the  O.  S.  L.  R.  R.  Station, 
and  a  gjoup  of  scrub  oak  trees  in  front  of  a  small  house,  the 
second  one  west  from  the  corner  of  North  Temple  and  Main 
Streets  on  the  north  side  of  the  street. 

Excellent  cotton,  grapes,  raisins,  and  semi-tropical  fruits 
and  nuts  are  raised  in  the  extreme  southern  part  of  Utah  be- 
yond the  rim  of  the  basin. 

The  peach  reaches  perfection  in  the  lower  Valleys  of 
Utah.  Utah's  apple  crop  suffers  from  the  codlin  moth,  and 
the  indifference  of  those  who  try  to  raise  apples.  By  a  Terri- 
torial (now  State)  Law  enacted  in  1894,  owners  are  compelled 
to  "spray"  their  orchards,  to  kill  insects. 

In  1895  there  were  in  Utah  450,340  acres  of  land  under 
cultivation,  of  which  417,455  were  actually  irrigated. 

"Dry  farming."  that  is  wheat  farming  without  irriga- 
tion, is  successful  some  seasons,  but  irrigation  makes  the 
raising  of  crops  a  certainty. 

Utah  barley  has  the  reputation  of  making  the  finest  beer. 
As  a  consequence  there  are  several  breweries,  giving  employ- 
ment to  a  great  number  of  people.  The  product  is  exported  to 
all  the  surrounding  States. 

Lucerne  or  alfalfa  is  one  of  the  most  valuable  crops,  and 
has  made  manv  a  poor  man  wealthy.  It  has  the  nrooerty  of 
roofing  verv  deenly  in  the  soil,  and  stands  drought  won- 
derfully. If  watered  well  from  three  to  four  crons  can  be  cut 
annually,  yielding  from  one  to  four  tons  per  cuttiiw  oer  acre, 
and  sometimes  eight  tons  of  hay  per  season.  Cattle  eat  it 
ravenously. 


The  best  native  timber  is  the  red  pine.  The  only  hard 
woods  are  the  mountain  mahogany  and  maple,  but  neither 
of  these  is  large  enough  to  be  available  for  manufacturing 
purposes. 

THE  MINERAL  PRODUCTS  OF  UTAH. 

The  mines  of  Utah,  in  which  between  fifty  and  sixty  mill- 
ions are  invested,  have  paid  in  dividends  over  thirty  millions 
since  the  feeble  beginning  in  1870. 

The  estimated  output  of  precious  metals  in  Utah  during 
1900  was  as  follows : 

Silver    (in   value) $11.218,545 

Gold    (in   value) 3,862,416 

Lead    (in   value) 4.018.618 

Copper    (in   value) 2.286,060 

And  since  1870,  when  mining  began  in  these  metals,  a 
grand  total  has  been  reached  of  $200,000.000,  the  seaboard 
price  of  which  was  quite  a  percentage  in  advance. 

Utah  minerals  cover  a  larger  variety  probably  than  that 
covered  by  any  other  section  of  the  country.  See  list : 


Gold, 

Silver, 

Lead, 

Copper, 

Zinc, 


Iron, 

Aluminum, 

Antimony, 

Arsenic, 

Bismuth. 


Mercury, 

Molybdenum, 

Titanium, 

Manganese, 

Tellurium. 


Besides  all  the  Carbons,  Stones.  Marbles,  Onyx,  Slate.  Gems 
of  every  variety,  with  earths,  Clays,  Salts,  and  rare  minerals 
beyond  compare,  the  State  is  indeed  a  vertiable  "Treasure 
House  of  the  Gods !"  These  interests  in  the  main  or  with 
few  exceptions  have  been  developed  by  non-Mormons.  The 
Mormons  have  given  greater  attention  to  agriculture  and 
manufacturing,  which  made  possible  the  more  exciting  bus- 
iness. 

Over  260  distinct  classes  of  minerals  have  been  found 
in  Utah,  all  having  commercial  value. 

THE  "MORMONS"  OR  LATTERDAY  SAINTS. 

It  is  well  known  that  the  attention  of  the  world  centered 
unon  Utah  originally  for  far  different  reasons  than  those 
of  to-day :  its  growth,  prosperity,  resources,  and  prospects 
now  are  widely  known,  her  social  conditions  and  religious 
faith  are  primary  questions  to  but  few ;  reformers,  social 
economists,  and  theologians  are  increasingly  interested,  and  no 


40 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE     CITY. 


more  reliable  reply  can  be  had  than  the  people  themselves 
can  give,  they  know  of  their  own  methods  and  of  their  own 
faith. 

One  of  the  pleasant  features  of  their  social  life  is  the 
care  which  is  extended  toward  the  poor  throughout  their 
wide-spread  colonies ;  to  see  and  administer  to  this  class 
every  Bishop's  Ward  has  its  Ladies"  Relief  Society,  and 
arrangements  are  so  perfect  in  the  Church,  that  but  few,  if 
any,  persons  of  advanced  age  are  overlooked  or  forgotten. 
Indeed,  the  sight  of  aged  members  of  the  Church  asking  alms 
is  as  rare  as  are  angel's  visits.  A  committee  of  gentlemen  also 
make  it  a  business  to  see  that  a  grand  entertainment  every 
summer  in  the  shape  of  an  excursion  is  provided  for  all 
who  are  seventy  years  of  age  or  over.  As  many  as  1,700  per- 
sons over  seventy  have  visited  many  Utah  cities,  where  they 
were  received  with  the  greatest  enthusiasm.  Everything  was 
free — the  street  cars,  the  railroad,  the  entertainment,  and  the 
prizes.  The  Oregon  Short  Line  and  the  R.  G.  W.  Railways 
have  annually  assisted  in  providing  these  free  excursions  for 
the  aged.  During  the  winter  months  a  grand  free  perform- 
ance in  the  Salt  Lake  Theatre  is  also  provided  by  the  same 
committee,  through  the  gracious  willingness  of  local  or  other 
theatrical  troups.  In  this  all  widows,  orphans,  missionaries' 
wives,  bootblacks,  newsboys,  deaf  and  dumb  persons,  and 
especially  the  aged  without  reference  (as  in  the  railroad 
trip)  to  creed,  color,  or  nationality  are  welcome. 

As  fo  the  religious  teachings  of  the  Latter-day  Saints, 
they  have  been  summarized  by  the  Reflex  as  follows: 

I. 

They  believe  in  God,  the  Eternal  Father,  in  His  Son, 
Jesus  Christ,  and  in  the  Holy  Ghost. 

II. 

That  God  is  a  perfect  being,  possessing  body,  parts, 
and  passions.  Christ  said  He  was  the  express  image  of 
His  Father's  person — God  is  the  Father  of  the  Spirits  of 
all  mankind.  And  that  the  atonement  of  Christ  was  designed 
to  enable  fallen  humanity  to  return  to  the  presence  of  their 
Eternal  Father. 

III. 

That  the  Church  as  established  by  Je=us  Chnst  was  de- 
stroyed and  his  followers  gradually  dwindled  \mt\\  a  general 
apostasy  from  the  primitive  order  was  the  conque.or.  That 


God  did  not  acknowledge  the  man-made  systems  that  thus 
sprang  up.  And  that  no  man  has  the  right  to  act  as  a 
servant  of  God  unless  he  possesses  the  authority  by  revelation. 

IV. 

That  the  leading  principle  and  order  of  induction  into 
the  Church  of  Christ  are  as  follows: 

1.  "Faith"  in  the  living  God  and  His  Son,  Jesus  Christ. 

2.  "Repentance"  for  past  sin,  and  a  firm  resolve  to  con- 
secrate the  life  to  the  cause  of  truth. 

3.  "Baptism,"   by    immersion    for   the   remission   of   sins 
by  one  duly  authorized. 

4.  "The  laying  on  of  hands,"  by  Elders  of  the  Church, 
for  the  gift  of  the  Holy  Ghost. 

All  who  obey  these  laws  with  honest  and  sincere  purpose 
of  heart  are  entitled  to  enjoy  the  gifts  of  the  true  Gospel, 
viz. :  The  healing  of  the  sick  by  laying  on  of  hands,  the 
gifts  of  prophecy,  speaking  in  tongues,  the  revelation  of 
God's  Holy  Spirit  for  the  personal  guidance  of  thase  that 
accept  the  truth,  with  the  assurance  of  eternal  life  should 
they  endure  to  the  end. 

It  was  therefore  necessary  that  some  one  in  this  age 
be  delegated  to  act  as  His  representative,  so  that 
the  same  order  as  that  established  by  Jesus  Christ,  should 
again  be  restored  to  these  latter  times.  Joseph  Smith  was 
the  one  selected  and  through  the  administration  of  a  holy 
angel,  the  Holy  Priesthood  was  again  restored  to  the  earth, 
with  all  its  orders  and  grades,  as  enjoyed  in  the  ancient 
times. 

V. 

That  the  order  of  Priesthood  in  the  true  Church  is  as 
follows : 

First,  a  Prophet  whose  right  it  is  to  receive  a  revelation 
for  the  guidance  of  the  Church,  and  for  his  assistance,  two 
counsellors  and  a  quorum  of  Twelve  Apostles,  whose  mis- 
sion it  is  to  introduce  the  Gospel  to  all  nations.  There  are 
two  orders  which  constitute  what  is  known  as  the  Melchiz- 
edek  and  Aaronic  Priesthoods.  High  Priests,  Seventies, 
and  Elders  belong  to  the  first.  Bishops,  Priests,  Teachers, 
and  Deacons  belonging  to  the  latter.  All  men  who  live 
godly  lives  are  entitled  to  enjoy  a  portion  of  that  Priesthood. 

VI. 
That  the  Bible  is  a  record  of  God's  dealings  with  man- 


PICTORIAL    REFLEX    OF    SALT    LAKE    CITY. 


kind  in  the  Eastern  world,  and  that  the  Book  of  Mormon,  as 
revealed  to  Joseph  Smith,  is  also  a  record  of  His  dealings 
with  the  ancient  people  who  lived  on  the  American  continent. 
And  that  these  sacred  books  mean  what  they  say,  and  must 
be  understood  similarly  to  all  other  histories. 

VII. 

That  the  sphere  of  woman  is  as  noble  as  that  of  man, 
and  that  she  is  entitled  to  all  the  rights  she  can  enjoy. 

That  all  capable  persons  should  marry,  and  that  any 
man  who  shirks  the  obligations  of  matrimony  is  a  dangerous 
element  in  society. 

That  marriage  is  a  sacred  compact  and  should  be  made 
for  time  and  all  eternity,  and  must'be  performed  in  buildings 
specially  erected  for  that  purpose.  For  this  and  other  rea- 
sons, temples  are  needed,  that  the  vicarious  work  of  baptism 
for  the  dead  and  other  ordinances  of  salvation  may  have 
attention. 

VIII. 

That  marriage,  under  well-defined  regulations,  is  neces- 
sary to  the  proper  development  of  the  sexes,  mentally  and 
physically;  and  that  unrestricted  and  unauthorized  relations 
between  the  sexes  are  illegitimate  and  an  abomination  in  the 
sight  of  God. 

IX. 

That  the  payment  of  tithes  and  offerings  to  meet  the 
expenses  of  the  Church,  to  feed  the  hungry,  clothe  the  naked, 
comfort  the  widows  and  orphans,  and  provide  for  old  and 
needy  persons,  is  a  part  of  the  duty  of  each  member  of  the 

Church  of  Christ. 

X. 

That  for  the  full  development  of  the  members  of  the 
Church,  a  place  of  gathering  is  necessary.  That  the  Lord 
has  chosen  America  as  the  asylum  of  the  oppressed  of  all 
nations,  and  that  the  valleys  of  the  mountains  of  the  west, 
are  the  present  places  of  rendezvous. 

XL 

That  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  of  America 
is  a  heaven-born  document,  that  the  nation  will  grow  in 


power  and  prosperity  as  the  strict  observance  of  its  prin- 
ciples are  maintained,  and  that  it  will  diminish  in  power  in 
the  same  ratio  as  its  sublime  truths  are  set  aside. 

XII. 

That  the  practice  of  self-denial  is  the  imperative  duty 
of  a  Latter-day  Saint.  For  this  reason  he  is  taught  to  be 
temperate  in  all  things,  to  avoid  the  use  of  tea,  coffee,  to- 
bacco, and  all  alcoholic  drinks  as  much  as  possible,  and  to 
abstain  from  food  interdicted  in  the  advice  given  to  the  an- 
cients through  Moses. 

XIII. 

That  all  truths,  of  whatsoever  nature  or  character,  which 
are  clearly  demonstrated,  are  revelations  of  God's  power. 

That  no  person  is  a  true  disciple,  who,  while  professing 
the  name  of  a  saint,  is  false  to  the  sacred  title.  And  that 
no  person  can  enjoy  eternal  advancement  without  living  for  it. 

That  it  is  unlawful  to  take  the  name  of  God  in  vain 
on  any  occasion. 

That  the  life  and  example  of  Christ  is  the  highest  ex- 
ample for  all  to  imitate,  and  that  all  vaunted  superiority 
lacking  these  qualities  is  hollow  and  of  no  avail. 

That  every  man  is  free  to  accept  or  reject  the  Gospel, 
but  that  he  cannot  receive  remission  of  sins,  be  reconciled 
to  God  or  enjoy  eternal  life  in  His  presence  on  any  other 
terms  than  obedience  to  the  Gospel,  is  scriptural  and  true. 

That  all  men  will  be  rewarded  or  punished  according 
to  their  works,  whether  good  or  evil. 

That  the  dead  who  did  not  obey  the  Gospel  in  this  life 
can.  hear  and  accept  it  in  the  spirit  world — their  mortal  rela- 
tives or  friends  attending  to  the  ordinances  of  the  Gospel 
in  the  Temples  on  their  behalf. 

That  all  mankind  will  be  resurrected  from  the  dead  and 
will  come  forth  to  judgment  and  receive  either  reward  or 
punishment,  which  will  be  varied  in  degree,  according  to 
capacity,  merit,  or  demerit. 

And  that  the  glorified  earth  will  be  the  dwelling  place 
of  resurrected,  glorified,  and  immortal  beings,  who  will  have 
previously  passed  their  mortal  probation  thereon,  and  that 
they  will  dwell  upon  it  forever  in  the  light  and  knowledge 
and  Glory  of  God. 


LAND  MARKS 


Made  famous  by  the  early  Traders,  Explorers, 
Pioneers,  Mormons,  Emigrants,  Pony  Express 
Riders,  Overland,  Stage  Coaches,  Indian  encount- 
ers, etc.,  are  seen  from  the  car  windows  of  the 
UNION  PACIFC  TRAINS 


For  full  Information  call  on  jour  nearest  agent,  or  address 
E.  L.  LOMAX,  G.  P.  &  T.  A.,  Omaha,  Neb. 


IN  TRAVELING  OVER  THIS  LINE  YOU  SEE  THE  WONDERFUL 
ACHIEVEMENTS  OF  THE  UNION  PACIFIC  ENGINEERS  OVER 
MIGHTY  CHASMS,  LOFTY  PEAKS,  AND  THROUGH  MOUNTAINS  OF 
SOLID  ROCK.  BE  SURE  YOUR  TICKET  READS  OVER  THIS  ROUTE. 


